我国寒冷地区住宅生命周期能耗和CO_2排放影响因素研究  

Study on Impact Factors for Life-cycle Energy Consumption and CO_2 Emission of Chinese Housing in Cold Climate Zone

作　　者：张春晖[1] 林波荣[1] 彭渤[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院建筑技术科学系,北京100084

出　　处：《建筑科学》2014年第10期76-83,共8页Building Science

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题"典型地区建筑工程用建筑材料全生命周期评价技术研究与应用"(2011BAJ04B06-3);国家自然科学基金(51222814)

摘　　要：生命周期评价(LCA)是一种研究建筑能耗和碳排放的重要方法。本文从数据的角度出发,以我国寒冷地区某住宅建筑为例,分别讨论了数据时效性、代表性和技术差异对建筑生命周期能耗(LCE)和碳排放(LCCO2)的影响。其中,使用不同年份的电力能耗因子对LCE结果造成的差异可达6.36%,使用当地电力能耗及排放因子和使用全国均值的LCE和LCCO2结果相差12.52%和10.42%。此外,考虑墙体保温性能随时间变化时的LCE结果比忽略这一影响因素时大2.90%,LCCO2大2.28%。外窗传热系数从2.3 W/(m2·K)减小到1.7 W/(m2·K)时,LCE和LCCO2分别减小4.19%和3.23%;相同传热系数时不同的外窗配置对LCE和LCCO2的影响仅为1%左右。Life-cycle assessment（ LCA） is an important approach for researches on building energy consumption and CO2 emission. It discusses the influence on building life-cycle energy consumption（ LCE） and life-cycle CO2 emission（ LCCO2） of data time-effectiveness,representativeness and technical differences respectively in a residential building of cold climate zone in China from the aspect of data. The conclusion is that the deviation on LCE caused by electricity energy consumption factor of different years can be up to 6. 36%,and the deviation of LCE and LCCO2 results calculated by using local electricity energy consumption and emission factor and using the national average is 12. 52% and 10. 42% respectively. In addition,the LCE result,which considers the wall thermal insulation performance change over time is 2. 90% larger than that not,and for LCCO2,it is 2. 28%. LCE and LCCO2 decrease by 4. 19% and 3. 23% respectively when the heat transfer coefficient of external window decreases from 2. 3 W /（ m^2·K） to 1. 7 W/（ m^2·K）,and the deviation of different windows configuration with the same heat transfer coefficient on LCE and LCCO2 is only about 1%.

关 键 词：生命周期评价 数据时效性 数据代表性 能耗 碳排放 

分 类 号：TU111.195[建筑科学—建筑理论]