贵州野生柑橘的抗寒性测定和综合评价  

Determination and Comprehensive Evaluation on Cold-tolerance of Wild Citrus from Guizhou

作　　者：马文涛[1,2,3] 樊卫国[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省果树工程技术研究中心,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学喀斯特山地果树资源研究所,贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学农学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2014年第10期2063-2069,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：贵州省自然科学基金(黔科合J字[2011]2136号);贵州大学青年教师科技基金(贵大x082060);贵州省果树工程技术研究中心建设专项(黔科合农G字2009-4003)

摘　　要：以贵州3个野生柑橘种类宜昌橙、酸橙、白黎檬和栽培品种‘默科特’的一年生枝条为试材,人工设置4℃(CK)、0℃、-5℃、-10℃、-15℃、-20℃、-25℃低温冷冻处理24h,研究了4个柑橘种类枝条膜脂过氧化作用、抗氧化酶活性和有机渗透调节物质的变化,并应用Logistic方程建立回归模型确定其半致死温度(LT50),应用隶属函数法综合评价野生柑橘种类的抗寒性。结果表明:(1)随着温度的降低,4个柑橘种类枝条的电解质外渗率均呈"S"型上升,SOD、POD活性以及可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量均先升后降,MDA含量在宜昌橙枝条中逐渐缓慢上升,在其余材料枝条中则先升高后下降;栽培品种‘默科特’枝条的保护酶活性、渗透调节物质含量在0℃或者-5℃达到峰值,而宜昌橙则在-15℃或者-20℃达到最大值,两者的MDA含量则分别在-15℃和-25℃达到最大值。(2)利用电解质外渗率拟合Logistic方程推算的宜昌橙、酸橙、白黎檬和‘默科特’的低温半致死温度分别为-14.86℃、-7.28℃、-8.45℃和-5.88℃;用隶属函数法与Logistic方程分析所得各柑橘种类的抗寒性强弱结果基本一致,4个柑橘种类的抗寒性强弱顺序为:宜昌橙>酸橙>白黎檬>‘默科特’。研究认为,抗寒性强的柑橘枝条的保护酶活性、渗透调节物质和MDA含量达到峰值的温度更低,具有更强的抗氧化胁迫能力和渗透调节能力,且野生柑橘的抗寒性较栽培种强;半致死温度和隶属函数法均可有效评价柑橘种类的抗寒性。Taking one-year-old shoots of three wild species citrus of Guizhou Province as test materials and the shoots of cultivated variety Citrus reticulata as the control,we studied the changes of their membranelipid peroxidation, antioxidative enzyme activity, and organic osmoregulatory substance content under artifi cial cooling,aimed to analyze the differences of four kinds of citrus species in cold resistance. Semi-lethal temperature of wild citrus was determined by establishing Logistic regression model on leakage ratio of electrolyte. Finally, cold resistance of different citrus varieties was synthetically evaluated by using membership function method. （1）With the decreaseof temperature, the ion leakage percentage of four kinds of cit-rus species increased in S-shape,and the SOD and POD activities, soluble, tents decreased after an initial increase. The MDA content of C. ichangensis under decreasing temperature had an increasing trend. （2）The semi-lethal temperature（LTs0 ） of C. ichangensis, C. aurantium, C. limon- nia,and C. reticulata calculated by the Logistic equation of ion leakage percentage was --14.86 ℃ ,--7.28 ℃ ,--8.45 ℃ ,and --5.88 ℃respectively. The order of cold resistance evaluated by membership function method was basically identical establishing Logistic regression model. Among the four kinds of citrus spe- cies, C. ichangensis had the strongest cold resistance, followed by C. aurantium, C. limonnia, and C. reticu- lata,wild citrus has the stronger cold resistance than that of C. reticulata.

关 键 词：柑橘 抗寒能力 隶属函数法 半致死温度 

分 类 号：Q948.112[生物学—植物学]