北京市郊区农村吸烟者戒烟状况的调查  

Smoking Cessation among Rural Populations in Beijing

作　　者：侯小萌[1] 蔡柏蔷[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院,北京协和医学院,北京协和医院呼吸内科,北京100730

出　　处：《中国医学科学院学报》2014年第5期501-505,共5页Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae

基　　金：慢性呼吸疾病的预防和诊治规范体系建设及适宜技术研究(201002008)~~

摘　　要：目的了解北京市周边农村吸烟者的戒烟状况,为农村人口的控烟策略和戒烟辅助医疗工作提供可参考的科学依据。方法选定北京市周边1个自然村,对所有≥10岁的人口用调查问卷进行入户调查,问卷内容包括吸烟及戒烟相关的个人一般情况和社会家庭情况。采用SAS 6.1统计软件对人群的戒烟率、戒烟意愿及戒烟行动进行分析。结果被调查人群中吸烟者总数为621人,吸烟率为35.8%。吸烟者中戒烟行动发生率为35.5%,戒烟行动实施者的绝大多数(93.9%)戒烟方法为自助式戒烟法,总戒烟成功率为12.4%。戒烟成功率在年龄较高、文化水平较低、收入水平较低、具有反复咳嗽咳痰及活动后气短症状以及无尼古丁依赖的吸烟者中具有较高的分布趋势。吸烟者中有戒烟意愿者291人,占46.9%。年龄较高、有呼吸道症状、有尼古丁依赖者中戒烟意愿出现率较高。结论被调查农村人群高吸烟率与低戒烟成功率的现状与全国水平相似,戒烟工作应在戒烟动机干预及提供戒烟辅助两方面进行改进。Objective To survey the smoking cessation among rural populations in Beijing. Methods One natural village in Beijing suburb was sampled and all the 1901 villagers were surveyed by face-to-face inter- view to collect information on smoking status and smoking cessation. The potential factors related with smoking prevalence and smoking cessation were analzyed. Results The response rate was 91.2%. The ever-smoking rate was 35.8%. Among the 621 ever-smokers, 35.5% had tried or were trying to quit smoking. The vast majority （93.9%） of smoking cessation methods was self-service method. The overall rate of abstinence was 12. 4%, and the success rate was higher in those groups of elder age, lower educational level, lower income level, having re- spiratory symptoms, and/or without nicotine dependence. There were 291 responders （46. 9% ） had the willing- ness to quit. Responders at older age, having respiratory symptoms, or with nicotine dependence had higher will- ingness to quit. Conclusions The tobacco control efforts in rural areas should be strengthened. In part of motiva- ted intervention, the advice should be given from the family, friends, doctors to young, asymptomatic smokers.

关 键 词：戒烟 健康调查 农村人口 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]