大变形条件下的非平衡固溶  

Non-equilibrium solid solution induced by severe deformation

作　　者：林一坚[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海开放大学,上海200080

出　　处：《宝钢技术》2014年第5期1-9,共9页Baosteel Technology

摘　　要：鉴于变形诱导非平衡固溶现象的普遍性及其在理论上和实际应用上的重要性,对这方面现有的研究成果(主要围绕置换型溶质原子)作评述,分别从具有负的混合焓与正的混合焓两类合金系加以讨论。在综合分析试验事实的基础上提出:大变形后的合金系处于远离热力学平衡的状态,同时合金系中各组元在不同部分的化学位对比也发生了变化,形成促使不同原子重新分布的驱动力。对于变形态合金系的分析,不能沿用基于热力学平衡态的相图及相关数据,而应从大变形所造成的微观结构的变化入手,具体分析由此造成的各组元在不同部分中化学位的相对变化。化学位平衡仍然是这种分析所应遵循的基本原理。In view of universality of deformation-induced non-equilibrium solid solution and its theoretical and practical importance,a review is made on existing research results in this respect,mainly dealing with substitutional solute atoms.Alloy systems with negative mixing enthalpy and alloy systems with positive mixing enthalpy are discussed respectively.Based on summarizing experiment results,it is pointed out that a alloy system having been subjected to severe deformation is far from thermodynamic equilibrium,and chemical potential balance between different parts in the deformed alloy is changed,which leads to redistribution of different atoms.It is concluded that,in analyzing a deformed alloy system,we should start with inspecting the specific microstructure caused by the severe deformation and then analyze the relative change of chemical potentials of its components in different parts of the deformed system.In this case,the thermodynamic equilibrium phase diagram and the relevant data can not be used indiscriminately,however,the principle of chemical potential balance must be followed.

关 键 词：大变形 非平衡固溶 化学位平衡 置换型溶质原子 

分 类 号：TG113[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]