北京城区院前救治的道路交通损伤特点分析  

Traffic injuries of pre-hospital treatment in the urban area of Beijing

作　　者：安帅[1] 王天兵[1] 张培训[1] 殷晓峰[1] 范达[2] 张进军[2] 姜保国[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学人民医院创伤骨科,北京大学交通医学中心,北京100044 [2]北京急救中心,北京100031

出　　处：《北京大学学报（医学版）》2014年第5期777-781,共5页Journal of Peking University:Health Sciences

基　　金：卫生部卫生公益性行业科研专项(201002014)资助~~

摘　　要：目的:描述北京急救中心2004年1月1日至2010年12月31日救治城区道路交通损伤的现状,总结其社会学特点,并初步探讨其可能的改善方法。方法:所有数据来源于北京市统计局和北京急救中心病案室,在收集后者数据时检索并录入2004年1月1日至2010年12月31日共7年期间由北京急救中心参与救治的道路交通损伤病例,应用Excel 2007、SPSS 17.0进行方差分析及卡方检验。结果:共收集符合准入标准的完整病例19 550例,道路交通伤的年发病率约为120人/10万人,死亡率约为4.97人/10万人,其中男性(11 737,60.04%)明显多于女性(7 813,39.96%),平均年龄(38.76±16.84)岁。各年龄组交通伤均多发于每年的10月份,日间多于夜间,以中午前、后最多,但不同年龄患者交通损伤发生的每日时间分布特点不同。受伤者多为行人(7 588,38.81%)和骑自行车者(3 790,19.39%),发生部位多在头面(8 343,42.68%)和下肢(6 828,34.93%),损伤程度以中等损伤为主(11 718,59.94%),造成损伤的一方多为小型汽车(11 490,58.77%)。结论:防治道路交通损伤,需要针对不同人群、不同时段和不同交通方式,采用不同的管理方法和规范化的院前救治。Objective：To evaluate the current condition of urban road traffic injuries（RTIs） according to Beijing Emergency Medical Center（BEMC） from Jan. 1,2004 to Dec. 31,2010,analyze the social characteristics and explore the possible methods for prevention and improvement. Methods：Using data from the Beijing Emergency Medical Center,we collected 19 550 victims who were involved in RTIs in Beijing from Jan. 1,2004 to Dec. 31,2010. The personal information,time of the injury event,road user type and striking vehicle type,as well as the site and severity of injury,were analyzed using Excel2007 and SPSS 17. 0 software with ANOVA of variance and Chi-squared tests. Results：The annual rate of RTIs was 120. 0 per 100 000 people in Beijing,and the mortality rate was about 4. 97 per 100 000 people. Male victims were more than female victims（11 737 persons vs. 7 618 persons）. The mean age was（72. 92 ± 5. 67） years. Overall,RTIs in all the age groups happened in October commonly,and were inclined to daytime,especially at noon. But different age groups had their special hour distribution features of RTIs. Traffic collisions occurred most frequently in pedestrians and cyclists（7 588,38. 81%;3 790,19. 39%）. Majorities of victims presented with head injuries and lower-limb injuries（8 343,42. 68%; 6 828,34. 93%）. These collisions included car striking accidents（11 490,58. 77%）. And most of the older adults were classified as medium in severity（11 718,59. 94%）. Conclusion：The prevention and treatment of RTIs,should focus on targeted prevention solutions and standardized pre-hospital rescue,according to specific population,time interval and vehicle usage.

关 键 词：事故 交通 创伤和损伤 急救 城市 北京 

分 类 号：R64[医药卫生—外科学]