氧化石墨烯填充PVDF或PAN微滤管的组装及在香精分离和重金属离子吸附上的应用  

Fabrication of GO-filled PVDF or PAN microfiltration tubes and their use in essence separation and heavy metal ion adsorption

作　　者：孙妹[1] 邹利锋 马楠[1] 嵇天浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学理学院化学系,北京100048

出　　处：《科学通报》2014年第30期2940-2946,共7页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑研究计划(2012BAJ02B08)资助

摘　　要：采用抽滤技术制备了氧化石墨烯（GO）填充的聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）或聚丙烯腈（PAN）复合微滤管,并用X射线衍射（XRD）,拉曼光谱（Raman）,透射电子显微镜（TEM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等测试技术对其进行了表征,同时还分别测试了复合微滤管对香精物质（柠檬醛或香茅醇）和重金属离子（CrO42-或Cu2＋）的分离性能.结果表明,呈球状的GO主要填充在0.15~0.5μm间的PVDF或PAN微滤管壁内的孔道中,使得孔道中空隙变得更小,又因GO表面存在大量含氧基团,所以复合微滤管既能起到过滤分离有机小分子的作用,又能起到化学或物理吸附重金属离子的作用,从而扩展了氧化石墨烯及微滤管的应用范围.测试结果还表明,在柠檬醛或香茅醇的乙醇溶液过滤1 h后,柠檬醛浓度从15.0%降到0.6%（体积百分比）,而香茅醇浓度则从11.0%降到2.3%（体积百分比）;在过滤Cu2＋或CrO42-水溶液1 h后,可使Cu2＋浓度从20降到0.3μg/mL,而CrO42-从20降到10.7μg/mL.Graphene oxide （GO）-filled poly（vinylidene fluoride） （PVDF） or polyacrylonitrile （PAN） microfiltration tubes were fabricated using decompression filtration. The microstructures of the GO nanosheets and GO-filled PVDF tubes were determined using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The separation of two essences, namely citral and citronellol, and the adsorption properties of two types of heavy metal ions, namely CrO4^2- and Cu^2＋, in GO-filled PVDF tubes were investigated. The results show that large numbers of GO microspheres of diameter 0.14-0.5 μm were trapped in the micropores of the PVDF or PAN microfiltration tube walls, reducing the size of and spaces in the micropores. The filled GO microspheres contain many functional oxygen-containing groups, so they can play important roles in the separation of organic molecules of different sizes and the adsorption of heavy metal ions. It was shown that on passing through the GO-filled PVDF or PAN tubes for 1 h, the citral and citronellol concentrations decreased significantly, from 15.0 vol% to 0.6 vol% and from 11.0 vol% to 2.3 vol%, respectively. The Cu^2＋ and CrO4^2- concentrations also showed different decreases; the Cu^2＋ concentration decreased from 20 to 0.3 μg/mL and the CrO4^2- concentration decreased from 20 to 10.7 μg/mL, showing that Cu^2＋ can be adsorbed much more completely within the GO microspheres.

关 键 词：微滤管 氧化石墨烯 PVDF PAN 复合材料 

分 类 号：O613.71[理学—无机化学] TQ325.4[理学—化学] O647.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]