前路钢板置入内固定与自体髂骨植骨融合修复胸椎结核的骨愈合  

Anterior plate internal fixation and autologous iliac bone graft fusion in the repair of thoracic spinal tuberculosis: bone healing

作　　者：黄江 李小峰 杨渊 

机构地区：[1]合浦县人民医院,广西壮族自治区合浦县536100 [2]广西骨伤医院,广西壮族自治区南宁市530012

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2014年第40期6459-6463,共5页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：广西卫生厅资助项目(重200863)~~

摘　　要：背景:胸椎与相应节段的肋骨相连构成胸廓,椎体部位深在,邻近组织结构复杂,操作困难,所以胸椎椎体的充分暴露显得较为困难。传统的前路手术虽然能较彻底的清除病灶、实现良好的内固定,但需要切除肋骨,术者在多年的临床实践中发现,不切断肋骨,利用撑开肋间隙来进行操作,完全可以达到清除病灶、植骨融合内固定的治疗目的。目的:探讨前路钢板置入内固定与自体髂骨植骨融合修复胸椎结核的可行性及优劣性。方法:纳入胸椎结核患者30例,在传统的胸椎前路入路基础上,不切除肋骨,采用自动撑开器撑开肋间隙,经肋间隙操作,完成胸椎结核一期病灶清除,取自体髂骨进行植骨融合前路钢板置入内固定治疗。观察治疗前后的目测类比评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、Frankel分级及Bridwell骨愈合等级等指标。结果与结论:30例患者术后均获随访,时间3-60个月。伤口均甲级愈合,无窦道形成;神经压迫症状得到改善,无加重病例;治疗后Cobb角平均矫正10.32°。术后平均6个月影像学显示病变椎体间骨性融合,治疗后18个月复查影像学显示椎体高度丢失不明显,无椎体结核复发。提示经前路通过肋间隙而不断肋骨可以完成一期病灶清除植骨融合内固定修复胸椎结核的要求,病变显露清楚,病灶清除彻底,保留了肋骨,可获得与切除肋骨同样的效果。同时自体髂骨三面皮质有很好的支撑作用,较为疏松的松质骨网眼有很好的成骨作用,有利于骨愈合。BACKGROUND：Thoracic vertebrae connected with the ribs of corresponding segments constitute the thorax. Because of thoracic vertebrae deeply and complicated structure, it is difficult to operate or to expose thoracic vertebrae completely. The traditional anterior ways can thoroughly remove the focus and achieve a good internal fixation, but this treatment needs to cut the rid. The surgeon discovered in years of clinical practice that distraction of intercostal space without cutting off the ribs could completely remove the focus and achieve fixation and fusion. OBJECTIVE：To explore the feasibility, advantages and disadvantages of anterior plate fixation and autologous bone graft fusion in the repair of thoracic spinal tuberculosis. 〈br〉 METHODA total of 30 cases of thoracic spinal tuberculosis were enrol ed. On the base of traditional thoracic spinal anterior surgical approach, the rib was reserved. Anterior distraction device was used to open the ribs for clearance and to move the focus of thoracic spinal tuberculosis. Autologous ilium was obtained and subjected to fusion and anterior plate fixation. Visual Analog Scale, Oswestry Disability Index, Frankel grade and Bridwel＆amp;nbsp;bone healing rating were used before and after treatment. 〈br〉 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：A total of 30 patients were fol owed up for 3-60 months. The bone healing （class A） was seen, but no fistula formation was visible. Nerve compression symptoms were improved, without aggravating cases. Postoperatively, the average Cobb angle correction was 10.32°. After 6 months, imaging revealed bone fusion of affected vertebral body. After 18 months, the vertebral height was not lost obviously, no recurrence of vertebral tuberculosis. These results indicated that anterior intercostal space without cutting ribs exposed clearly, showing a large space, where can meet the requirement of first-stage debridement fixation and fusion in the repair of thoracic tuberculosis. The pathological changes were visibly clear;the focus was thorough

关 键 词：植入物 脊柱植入物 胸椎结核 肋间隙入路 自体髂骨 植骨融合 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]