汽车正面碰撞司乘人员足踝创伤研究进展  

Research progress on foot and ankle injuries of occupants in frontal motor vehicle crashes

作　　者：牛文鑫[1] 冯铁男[1] 姜成华[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学医学院,上海200092

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2014年第5期481-488,共8页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2013M530211);国家科技支撑计划课题资助项目(2014BAL05B00)

摘　　要：道路交通创伤已经成为严重的社会问题。随着技术、法规和安全意识的进步,颅脑和胸部等致命创伤有下降的趋势,但是目前尚无有效的防护措施预防司乘人员足踝创伤的发生。通过综述近年来该领域的研究进展,发现大多数司乘人员足踝创伤发生在正面碰撞事故中,司机发生足踝创伤的概率更大,可能与刹车制动足踝特殊受力有直接关系;对于正面碰撞的分型在学术界尚存争议,但是狭窄障碍物正面碰撞所引起的足踝创伤问题已经得到较为统一认识,而对不同形式撞击时足踝创伤的发生和防护机制尚无相关研究。在这一问题的研究中,离体实验和计算模型分析相结合是一种理想的研究手段。Road traffic injuries have become a major social issue.With the development of technology,legislation and safety consciousness,the fatal rate of brain and chest injuries has been declined.However,as to prevent foot and ankle injuries of occupants still no effectual protective devices have been developed.In this paper,research progress on foot and ankle injuries of occupants was reviewed,which found out that most of such injuries in the frontal motor vehicle crashes occurred more easily to the drivers,which was possibly due to the special loading on their lower extremity during braking.Although there still exists a continuing debate about taxonomy of the frontal motor vehicle crashes,researchers have approached unified understanding that foot and ankle injuries are usually caused in the real-world narrow object frontal crashes.Until now,studies on foot and ankle injury and its protective mechanisms in various types of crashes are rarely conducted.A combination of the in-vitro experiment and computational modeling would be an ideal method to solve this issue.

关 键 词：交通伤 足踝 正面碰撞 生物力学 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]