高血压与首发高血压相关脑卒中患者的健康信念及行为  

Comparative study of health beliefs and health behaviors in hypertensive patients with or without stroke

作　　者：万丽红[1] 阮恒芳[2] 周雯莉[3] 徐桂红[2] 李玲[4] 彭慧蛟 方蘅英[2] 陈少贤[6] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学护理学院,广东广州510089 [2]中山大学附属第三医院 [3]广州大学 [4]中山大学附属第一医院 [5]广州卫生学校护理学部 [6]中山大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中华高血压杂志》2014年第9期859-864,共6页Chinese Journal of Hypertension

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金(A2014211);中山大学附属第三医院护理科研基金资助项目(201303)

摘　　要：目的比较高血压与首发高血压相关脑卒中患者的健康信念及行为的差异,并探讨两变量的相关性。方法采用方便抽样法,使用Champion健康信念模式量表(CHBMS)及健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ(HPLPⅡ)调查广州市首发高血压相关脑卒中患者66例(脑卒中组)、高血压患者77例(高血压组)和正常血压者105人(正常血压组)。结果健康信念各维度中,正常血压组得分最低的为感知障碍(2.73±0.91),高血压组为感知易感性(2.65±0.73),脑卒中组为感知严重性(2.99±0.64);健康行为各维度中,正常血压组得分最低的为运动锻炼(2.33±0.62),高血压组为健康责任感(2.28±0.50),脑卒中组为运动锻炼(1.91±0.67)。与高血压组比较,脑卒中组的健康动力、自我效能、感知严重性、感知益处得分较低,感知易感性、感知障碍(反向计分)得分较高;健康行为评分中运动锻炼和自我实现得分较低。与正常血压组比较,脑卒中组的健康动力、感知易感性、感知益处得分较低,感知严重性、感知障碍(反向计分)得分较高,健康行为评分中运动锻炼、自我实现、人际关系得分较低。脑卒中组的CHBMS总分与HPLPⅡ总分呈正相关(r=0.527,P<0.01)。结论应关注高血压患者的低感知易感性及低健康责任感、脑卒中患者的低感知严重性及少运动锻炼。Objective To identify the differences in health beliefs and health behaviors among hypertensive patients with or without stroke, and to explore the relevance between the two variables. Methods With convenience sam- piing, 66 hypertensive stroke patients, 77 hypertensive patients and 105 normotensives from Guangzhou participated in this study. The Champion health belief model scale （CHBMS） and health promoting lifestyle profile Ⅱ （HPLPⅡ） were used to measure the patients＇ health beliefs and health behaviors. Results The lowest scores on the health be- lief and health behavior scales indicated perceptual disturbance （2.73±0.91） and physical activity （2.33 ± 0.62） re- spectively among normotensives, others suggested perceived susceptibility （2.65 ±0. 73） and health responsibility （2.28±0.50） among hypertensive patients, while still others showed perceived seriousness to stroke （2.99±0.64} and physical activity （1.91±0. 67） among stroke patients respectively. Compared with hypertensive patients, stroke patients had lower scores on the scales of health motivation, self-efficacy, perceived seriousness and perceived benefit, higher scores on the scales of perceived susceptibility and perceptual disturbance （reverse scoring）, and low- er health behavior scores in physical activities and self-fulfillment. Compared with the normotensives, stroke pa- tients had lower scores on the scales of health motivation, perceived susceptibility and perceived benefit, higher scores on the scales of perceived seriousness and perceptual disturbance （reverse scoring）, and lower health behavior scores in physical activities, self-fulfillment and interpersonal relations. Pearson＇s correlation coefficient between the total scores of CHBMS and HPLPⅡ was 0. 527 （P〈0. 01） among hypertensive stroke patients. Conclusion Strokeeducation efforts should be targeted at low perceived susceptibility to stroke and low health responsibility among hy- pertensive patients, and at low perceived ser

关 键 词：高血压 脑卒中 健康信念 健康行为 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]