中国山羊遗传资源保护现状及对策  

The present situation and countermeasures of the conservation for Chinese goat genetic resources

作　　者：孙武[1] 娜日苏[1] 赵博渊[1] 赵永聚[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学动物科技学院/重庆市牧草与草食家畜重点实验室/重庆市草食动物资源保护与利用工程技术研究中心,重庆400716

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2014年第11期82-85,共4页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31172195);中央高校基本业务费专项项目(XDJK2014A010);重庆市自然科学基金项目(CSTC;2011BB1015);2013年重庆高校创新团队建设计划项目(KJTD201334)

摘　　要：山羊生产是草食畜牧业的重要组成部分。我国山羊生产历史悠久,遗传资源十分丰富,现有70个山羊品种(遗传资源),其中地方品种58个(含16个国家级畜禽遗传资源),培育品种7个,引入品种5个。随着经济的迅速发展和人们对山羊产品需求的急剧增加,专门化品种的引进和广泛推广经济杂交导致山羊品种的数量急剧下降,山羊品种保护迫在眉睫。文章根据我国山羊品种特征特性、气候条件和生态经济学原则以及生态地理分布提出了适应我国山羊遗传资源保护的对策,合理保护和利用现有山羊遗传资源对推动我国山羊业持续健康稳定发展具有重要意义。Goat production is an important part of herbivorous animal husbandry. China has a long history of goat production, and has very rich genetic resources. And there are more than 70 goat breeds as genetic resources in China, including 58 local breeds which contain 16 national animal genetic resources, 7 cultivated breeds, and 5 introduced breeds. With the rapid economic development and the sharply increased de- mand for goat products, the introduction of specialized breeds and widespread promotion of economic hybridization lead to a sharp decrease of goat breads. Thus, it is extremely urgent for protecting the goat breeds. This paper presents the countermeasures to adapt to the conservation for Chinese goat genetic resources according to the characteristics and features of the Chinese goat breeds, the climatic conditions and principles of ecological economics, and the eco - geographical distribution, rational conservation and use of existing goat genetic resources has an important significance for promoting a sustained, healthy and stable development of the goat industry in China.

关 键 词：山羊 品种 遗传资源 保护 对策 

分 类 号：S827[农业科学—畜牧学]