静电纺聚乳酸纤维的孔隙结构及其空气过滤性能  

Porous structure and air filtration performance of electrospun PLA fibers

作　　者：王哲[1] 潘志娟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学纺织与服装工程学院,江苏苏州215021 [2]现代丝绸国家工程实验室,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《纺织学报》2014年第11期6-12,共7页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：苏州市纳米技术专项资助项目(ZXG2012043);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(苏政办发[2011]6号)

摘　　要：采用静电纺丝法制备了纤维表面和内部均具有孔隙结构的超细聚乳酸(PLA)纤维,研究PLA溶液的质量分数、二氯甲烷/N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DCM/DMAC)溶剂质量比、电压、纺丝液流量等参数对纤维表面孔隙覆盖率及孔隙大小的影响。结果表明,PLA溶液质量分数和DCM/DMAC溶剂质量比对纤维表面孔隙结构的影响较大,纺丝电压的影响次之,纺丝液流量的影响最小。在PLA溶液质量分数为7%、DCM/DMAC质量比为10∶1、电压为16 kV、流量为1 mL/h的条件下,制备得到的PLA多孔纤维膜具有高效低阻的过滤性能,其对直径为75 nm的氯化钠气溶胶颗粒的过滤效率达99.964%,压降仅为197.9 Pa。PLA fibers with nanoporous structures both inside and on the surfaces were fabricated via electrospinning.The effect of electrospinning parameters such as PLA mass fractions,weight ratios of the mixed solvent dichloromethane（DCM） /N,N-dimethylacetamida（DMAC）,voltage and flow rate on the pore coverage rate and the pore size on the surface of the fibers were studied.The results show that PLA mass fractions and weight ratios of the mixed solvent DCM /DMAC affect significantly,and voltage takes the second place while the flow rate have weak influence.The porous PLA fibrous membrane with high efficiency and low resistance for air filtration was prepared under conditions of PLA mass fractions of 7%,DCM /DMAC ratio 10∶ 1,voltage 16 kV and flow rate 1 mL /h,and the filtration efficiency could reach99.964% when tested by using NaCl aerosol with 75 nm volume median diameter and the pressure drop was just about 197.9 Pa.

关 键 词：静电纺丝 多孔纤维 聚乳酸 空气过滤材料 

分 类 号：TQ340.64[化学工程—化纤工业]