水污染事件中特征污染物通量计算及归宿分析  

Flux calculation and fate analysis of typical pollutant in water pollution incident

作　　者：侯炳江 李龙辉 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省水文局,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《人民长江》2014年第21期62-64,82,共4页Yangtze River

摘　　要：吉林吉化公司双苯厂苯胺装置发生爆炸事故后,大量苯类污染物进入松花江水体,引发重大水污染事件。事故发生后,有关部门及时在松花江干流苏家屯、佳木斯断面采取了监测措施,获得了大量一手资料,为分析污染物传播规律打下良好的基础。在分析实测资料时,发现上、下断面硝基苯通量不平衡。在查阅相关资料和室内实验分析的基础上,认为硝基苯通量不平衡的主要原因为:水污染期间正处于松花江由畅流期向冰冻期转换,支流水库为稀释污染物浓度应急放水形成的洪峰与污染团交汇,产生了复杂的影响因素,导致污染团未与水流同步下移;光解和挥发损失量增加;污染物滞留冰体中等。今后的类似测量中,应同时考虑污染物滞留、冰体吸附以及水流稀释等因素。The blast accident of an aniline plant resulted in large anount of benzene pollutants entering Songhua River,cau-sing a severe water pollution incident. After the accident,the related departnents tinely adopted nonitoring neasures at river cross - sections of Sujiatun and Jianusi and obtained large anount of firsthand data,which lay a solid foundation for analysis of pollutants transportation law. In the analysis of the neasured data,it was discovered that benzene flux was unbalanced between upstrean and downstrean cross - sections. In order to analyze the causes,we referred to the related infornation and conducted indoor test,and concluded that the nain causes were the follows：the pollutant accidents occurred in a transition period fron flow-ing season to icing season,plus the encounter of the released diluting flood peak and pollution group,which resulted in unsyn-chronized transfer of flow and pollution;increnent of photodeconposition and pollutant volatilization;the pollutants frozen into ice body. In sinilar neasurenent in the future,the factors of pollutant icing,ice body absorption,flow dilution etc. should be con-sidered.

关 键 词：污染物通量 硝基苯 水污染 松花江 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]