人菱形肌的肌构筑和肌内神经分布研究  

The study of muscular architecture and intramuscular nerve distribution patterns in human rhomboid muscle

作　　者：朱光琼[1] 罗澜[2] 李寿田[1] 谢鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院解剖学教研室,贵州遵义563099 [2]遵义医学院附属医院急诊科,贵州遵义563099

出　　处：《遵义医学院学报》2014年第5期487-490,共4页Journal of Zunyi Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(NO:31360256)

摘　　要：目的揭示人菱形肌肌构筑和肌内神经分布规律,为菱形肌的外科应用和肌痉挛的治疗提供形态学依据。方法肌构筑法和改良Sihler's肌内神经染色法。结果 1菱形肌为扁肌,肌重(38.13±4.09)g,肌长(17.35±1.30)cm,校正的肌纤维长(2.67±0.71)cm,羽状角(0)°,生理横切面积(14.12±2.67)cm2;2肩胛背神经的分支从菱形肌上缘中部进入,入肌后与肌束约呈80°角走形至该肌下缘,沿途分别在肌上、中和下3部均发出次级分支,尤以中上部较多,呈树枝样。结论 1菱形肌为一扁肌,具有力量型肌的构筑学特征;2菱形肌中上部神经分支分布密集,建议为外科术中的策略区和肌痉挛的治疗靶区。Objective The aim of this study is to provide the morphological data of the rhomboid muscle to the transplantation for clinical application and the treatment of muscle spasm.Methods Muscle architecture and modified Sihler＇s staining methods were used in this study.Results The rhomboid muscle is a flat muscle.The muscle weight,muscle length,corrected muscle fiber length,pennation angle,physiologic cross and sectional area were（ 38.13 ±4.09） g,（ 17.35 ±1.30） cm,（ 2.67 ±0.71） cm,（ 0） °,（ 14.12 ±2.67） cm2,respectively.The rhomboid muscle was innervated by the branch of dorsal scapular nerve,which entered into the muscle from the middle proximal part of the rhomboid muscle and showed an angle of nearly 80° to the course of the muscle fibers.During the dorsal scapular nerve course in the muscle,the main branch divided into several major branches in the upper part,middle and lower parts,especially in the upper and middle parts.These major branches ramify like a tree.Conclusion The rhomboid muscle is a kind of strength type muscle.According to the characteristics of the intramuscular nerve distribution patterns,the most effective and safest point for botulinum neurotoxin（ BoNT） injection and the surgical strategies are the upper and middle parts,where neural anastomoses are densely distributed.

关 键 词：菱形肌 肌构筑 肌内神经分布 Sihler's染色 

分 类 号：R322.74[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]