基于斯特林制冷机的氦气氛高低温箱深冷试验研究  

Experimental Study on Cooling Performance of a Thermal Environment Simulation Chamber with Helium Atmosphere Based on a Stirling Cryogenerator

作　　者：黄永华[1] 承磊[1] 吴静怡[1] 许煜雄[1] 陆紫生[1] 张良俊[1,2] 徐世超 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学制冷与低温工程研究所,上海200240 [2]上海宇航系统工程研究所,上海201108

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报》2014年第9期1309-1314,共6页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University

基　　金：航天低温推进剂技术国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLTSCP1214);上海市青年科技启明星计划项目(13QA1402000)资助

摘　　要：为了模拟航天产品试验所需极端温度环境和测试航天产品在较大升降温速率条件下的耐受能力,研制了区别于传统热真空罐的氦气氛高低温试验箱,其净空间尺寸为2m×2.2m,可以通过强制对流与辐射换热相结合的方式提高升降温速率.同时,以液氮和四缸两级斯特林制冷机为双冷源,对高低温箱的降温性能进行测试,考察了高低温箱内空间的降温极限以及达到多个目标温度的降温速率等.结果表明,在液氮与斯特林制冷机共同作用的条件下,通过氦气的强制对流、再将氦气抽除的技术手段,可使热沉温度降至-210℃以下.A Ф2m×2.2mhigh-low temperature environment simulation chamber charged with helium gas was developed for testing aerospace products and their tolerance to high heating/cooling rate at extreme temperatures.The high cooling rate in the chamber was realized through a combination of forced convection and radiation heat transfer,which was significantly different from conventional thermal vacuum chambers.Using liquid nitrogen and a four-cylinder,as well as the two-stage Stirling cryogenerator as the cold sources,this paper conducted experimental study to test the results such as the achievable lower limit temperature and the cooling rates for approaching certain target temperatures.The Stirling cryogenerator enables the temperature of the heat sink to decrease to-210℃ when the chamber is precooled by liquid nitrogen,after which the helium gas inside is evacuated.

关 键 词：高低温试验箱 液氮降温 斯特林制冷机 氦气氛 快速降温 

分 类 号：TB657.3[一般工业技术—制冷工程]