析以色列对境内阿拉伯少数民族的政策  

Analysis of Israeli Policy towards its Arab Minority

作　　者：王宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学外国语学院

出　　处：《国际论坛》2014年第6期71-76,79,共6页International Forum

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(13YJA850017)的中期成果

摘　　要：以色列是一个以犹太民族为主体的多民族国家,阿拉伯少数民族约占全国人口的20%,是国内第二大民族。作为一个公开宣称的民主国家,以色列赋予境内阿拉伯人以公民身份及基本法所规定的各项权利,但作为一个犹太国家,以色列给予犹太人一些基于民族属性的独享特权,把阿拉伯人排除在外。建国60余年,以色列对境内阿拉伯少数民族的政策经历了很多变化,在不同历史时期有严厉和缓和之分,但一些基本理念和手段并没有变,如认为阿拉伯人口对以色列是潜在威胁,并对阿拉伯社团实行分而治之等管控手段。以色列对境内阿拉伯少数民族的政策,实际上体现了以色列国家的两个基本性质——民主性与犹太性之间的矛盾和对立。Israel is defined and was designed as a Jewish state,but from its inception it had to find ways to accommodate a sizable Arab minority. T his minority was viewed with suspicion and enmity both because it undermines the Jewishnature of the state,and because of its perceived security treat; but its members were granted civil rights akin to those of Jewish citizens. Finding a modus vivendi with its Arab citizens has been one of the most challenging questions for Israeli democracy. During the past six decades of existence,Israeli policy toward the Arab minority had undergone substantial changes,but fundamentally it remains discriminatory and restrictive. T he article analyses essentials of Israeli policies toward the Arab minority and elucidates internal conflicts in the Israeli society and persistent tensions between the Jewishness and the democratic nature of the State.

关 键 词：以色列 阿拉伯人 少数民族政策 民主 

分 类 号：D50[政治法律—政治学]