红火蚁对2种旱地作物种子萌发的影响  

Effects on the germination of two dry land crop seeds of Solenopsis invicta Buren

作　　者：黄俊[1,2,3] 许益镌[1] 梁广文[1] 陆永跃[1] 曾玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学红火蚁研究中心,广东广州510642 [2]浙江省农业科学院花卉研究开发中心 [3]浙江省萧山棉麻研究所,浙江杭州311202

出　　处：《生物安全学报》2014年第2期88-92,共5页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(305712427);浙江省自然科学基金(LQ14C140004)

摘　　要：【背景】红火蚁入侵可能对土著生物产生各种各样的影响,而其入侵对农作物的影响是值得研究的,可为准确评估该蚁的经济危害性提供依据。【方法】通过室内模拟建巢和大田迁移蚁巢试验研究了红火蚁对玉米及绿豆种子萌发的影响。【结果】红火蚁室内种群对玉米及绿豆种子有啃咬破坏作用,但对萌发无影响。大田红火蚁种群显著抑制了玉米、绿豆种子萌发,高密度区域对玉米未正常萌发的种子数增加了2.86倍;高、低密度区域绿豆未正常萌发的种子数分别增加了1.21和0.98倍。【结论与意义】红火蚁入侵旱地生境后对玉米及绿豆种子萌发具有明显负面作用,将会直接导致农业生产损失。研究结果可为了解红火蚁入侵对农作物的影响提供参考。[ Background ] Various effect of Solenopsis invicta Buren invasion on native species may happen, and its impact on crops was worth concerning, and the data obtained could provide the information for assessing the economic damage of the fire ants accu- rately. [ Method] The effects of S. invicta to the corn and mung bean seed germination were studied using laboratory testing and field experiment. [ Result ] There were no effects of laboratory colonies of S. invicta on the germination of Zea mays and Vigna radiate seeds. However, the high density of S. invicta had significantly effects on the germination of Z. mays seeds. The number of seeds that failed to germinate per row increased 2.86 times. Additionally, the density of S. invicta had significantly effects on the germina- tion of V. radiate seeds in the field. The number of damaged seeds per row increased by 1.21 times in low ant density and 0.98 times in high ant density. [ Conclusion and significance]S, invicta has significant negative effects on the germination of Z. mays and V. ra- diate seeds, leading to direct loss of crops. The results were good for understanding the impacts of the fire ant invasion on the crops.

关 键 词：红火蚁 旱地作物 种子 萌发 生物入侵 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]