不同土壤类型和含水量下金龟子绿僵菌对红火蚁的致病力  

Effect of soil water content and composition on the pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae against the invasive red fire ant,Solenopsis invicta

作　　者：王磊[1] 许益镌[1] 陆永跃[1] 曾玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学红火蚁研究中心,广东广州510642

出　　处：《生物安全学报》2014年第2期107-111,共5页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2009CB119206)

摘　　要：【背景】红火蚁是一种危险性入侵生物,虫生真菌对其防治效果会受到外界环境因子的影响。【方法】应用致病力测定的方法研究了不同剂量金龟子绿僵菌M09对红火蚁的毒力,同时研究了含水量和土壤类型对绿僵菌毒力的影响。【结果】红火蚁的死亡率与金龟子绿僵菌的剂量呈正相关,处理4 d后LC50为0.37 g。金龟子绿僵菌在砂土、壤土和粘土中对红火蚁的致死率均与对照差异显著,其中在砂土中的毒力最强。此外,在不同含水量的土壤中,金龟子绿僵菌的致死率也不相同(P<0.01)。【结论与意义】土壤类型和土壤湿度会显著影响金龟子绿僵菌M09对红火蚁的防治效果。选择高湿和砂土类型的土壤施用金龟子绿僵菌M09可以达到较好的效果。[ Background]The red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta is a dangerous invasive ant species. A possible means of pro- tection against the ant is the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae. Environmental factors can impact the toxicity of M. anisopliae against S. invicta. [ Method] This paper investigated the effect of M. anisopliae M09 on the survival of fire ants exposed to different doses and under various soil moisture conditions and composition. [ Result ] The survival rate of fire ant workers decreased with an increasing dosage of M. anisopliae M09 ; the LCso was 0.37 g after 4 days. M. anisopliae M09 killed nearly all ants in sandy, loamy and clay soils, and had significant difference from the control. However, the treatment reduced ant numbers more effectively in sandy soil than in loamy or clay soils. The mortality of workers treated by M. anisopliae M09 at different soil moisture were signifi- cantly different （P 〈 0.01 ）. [ Conclusion and significance] Soil composition and moisture have significant effect on M. anisopliae a- gainst the fire ant, and the soil composition and moisture should be considered when M. anisopliae is applied against the red fire ant.

关 键 词：红火蚁 金龟子绿僵菌 土壤环境 致病力 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]