4种豆科植物叶片的解剖结构及抗旱性  

Relation of Leaf Anatomical Structure and their Drought Resistance in Four Kinds of Leguminous Plants

作　　者：武春霞[1] 杨静慧[1] 张小娥[1] 刘艳军[1] 黄俊轩[1] 李建科[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津农学院园艺园林学院,天津300384

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2014年第11期1-4,共4页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家农业科技成果转化资金项目(2012GB2A100015);天津市星火计划项目(10ZHXHNC08700)

摘　　要：为了筛选出抗旱性强的豆科植物用于北方干旱地区的栽培,以刺槐、合欢、柠条、伞房决明为试材,通过徒手切片,观察植物的叶片角质层、表皮层、栅栏组织层、叶片等的厚度,测定主脉的粗度、栅海比、叶片组织紧密度等7项指标。结果显示:柠条的角质层最厚,为13.31μm;其余依次为伞房决明、刺槐和合欢;合欢最薄,为2.64μm。表皮层最厚为柠条,为33.66μm;其余依次为刺槐、伞房决明和合欢;合欢最薄,为16.61μm。栅栏组织层最厚的是柠条,为338.8μm;其余依次为伞房决明、刺槐和合欢;合欢最薄,为115.5μm。叶片最厚的是柠条,为477.4μm;其次为伞房决明、刺槐;最薄的是合欢,为290.4μm。叶片主脉最粗的是伞房决明,为660.3μm;其次为柠条、刺槐;合欢最薄,为343.2μm。栅栏组织和海绵组织比值由高到低依次为柠条、伞房决明、合欢和刺槐。组织结构紧密度依次为柠条、伞房决明、合欢和刺槐。综合分析认为,4种豆科植物的抗旱性为:柠条>伞房决明>刺槐>合欢。In order to select strong drought resistant from Leguminous plants for cultivation of arid area in northern of China, 7 indexes,the thickness of leaf cuticle, leaf epidermis, leaf palisade, leaf blade, the main vein, the palisade spongy ratio,closeness of leaf tissue were observed and calculated with Robinia pseudoacacia, Albizia julibrissin, Caragana Korshinskii, Cassia corymbosa and by freehand section. The result show that the cuticle of Caragana Korshinskii was the thickest（13.31 μm）, followed by Cassia corymbosa, Robinia pseudoacacia, one of Albizia julibrissin was the thinnest（2.64 μm） in all. Caragana Korshinskii were the thickest（33.66 μm）, followed by Robinia pseudoacacia, Cassia corymbosa, one of Albizia julibrissin was the thinnest（16.61 μm） in all.The palisade layers were the thickest in Caragana Korshinskii,338.8 μ m, followed by Cassia corymbosa, Robinia pseudoacacia, one was the thinnest（115.5 μ m） in Albizia julibrissin. The thickness of leaf were most（477.4 μ m） in Caragana Korshinskii in all, followed by Cassia corymbosa, Robinia pseudoacacia, one was the thinnest（290.4 μm） in Albizia julibrissin. The main veins of leaf were crudest（660.3μm） in Cassia corymbosa, followed by Robinia pseudoacaciam, one was thinnest（343.2 μm） in Albizia julibrissin. The ratio of palisade tissue and spongy tissue was Caragana Korshinskii, Cassia corymbosa, Albizia julibrissin and Robinia pseudoacacia orderly from high to low. The compactness of organization structure was Caragana Korshinskii 〉Cassia corymbosa〉 Albizia julibrissin and Robinia pseudoacacia. The drought resistance of four leguminous plants： Caragana Korshinskii〉Cassia corymbosa〉Robinia pseudoacaciaAlbizia julibrissin according to the comprehensive analysis.

关 键 词：徒手切片 柠条 伞房决明 抗旱性 解剖 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]