河北春季一次飞机人工增雪的综合分析  

Comprehensive Analysis of Aircraft Artificial Precipitation on Stratiform Clouds in Spring over Hebei Province

作　　者：李宝东[1] 孙玉稳[1] 孙霞[2] 刘伟 韩洋[1] 蒋元华[4] 

机构地区：[1]河北省人工影响天气办公室/河北省气象与生态环境重点实验室,河北石家庄050021 [2]河北省石家庄市气象局,河北石家庄050081 [3]河北省气象灾害防御中心,河北石家庄050021 [4]南京信息工程大学,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《干旱气象》2014年第5期819-829,共11页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：河北省科技计划项目12237126D-1;公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206025)共同资助

摘　　要：2013年4月19日,河北省人工影响天气办公室在河北中南部地区根据云系特点首次采用多层次水平催化和垂直验证的方式对层状云进行人工催化和探测。本文利用机载仪器所取得的飞机探测资料,结合实时天气、卫星、雷达、探空和雨量观测资料,分析了河北春季层状云增雪作业的技术指标,探讨了航测微物理参量和卫星、雷达、探空等资料在作业中的应用。结果表明：云在发展期雷达回波由15 dBZ逐步上升到25-35 dBZ,卫星反演的云顶高度、云顶温度、有效粒子半径、光学厚度等都有增加;云在中后期有效粒子半径、光学厚度、液水路径迅速下降,雷达回波同时减弱。在高度3 177-5 723 m之间过冷云滴达100-700个/cm^3,含水量在0.01 g·m^-3左右,最大0.081 g·m^-3,云粒子主要在此增长,形成降水粒子,该区间适宜催化。作业后,影响区内云体发展,雷达回波增强,出现35 dBZ强回波,且强回波中心扩大;卫星反演的云顶高度、光学厚度等比对比区有明显增加。Artificial seeding and detection on stratiform clouds,associated with horizontal seeding and vertical verification at several altitudes,was first performed by Hebei Weather Modification Office over central and southern Hebei according to specific cloud characteristics on April 19,2013.This paper uses airborne probe detection data,combined with real time synoptic,satellite,radar,air-sounding and precipitation data,to investigate technical indicators of artificial operations on stratiform clouds in spring over Hebei.The result shows that radar echo increased from 15 dBZ to 25-35 dBZ,and cloud top height,cloud top temperature,particle effective diameter and optical depth retrieved from satellite also increased during the cloud development.While the particle effective diameter,optical depth and liquid water path dropped sharply,and radar echo weakened during the cloud dissipation stage.Number concentration and water content of supercooled cloud particles ranged from 100 to 700 cm^-3and 0.01 to 0.081 g·m^-3,respectively,at the height of 3 177 to 5 723 m,where cloud particles mainly grew bigger to precipitation particles,which was a feasible seeding area.The strong radar echo center expanded while radar echo enhanced a maximum of 35 dBZ in the affected area where cloud developed after the seeding operation.Satellite retrieved parameters,such as cloud top temperature and optical depth,increased significantly compared with those in the contrast area.

关 键 词：层状云降水 云粒子 飞机探测 雨滴谱 雷达回波 

分 类 号：P481[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]