论名誉侵权中的真实性抗辩  

Defence of Truth in Defamation Litigation

作　　者：岳业鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学文法学院,北京100029

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第6期11-19,共9页Journal of Fujian Normal University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：北京化工大学中央高校基本科研业务经费项目"媒体诽谤侵权责任研究"(ZY1425);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目"侵权责任法的若干疑难问题研究"(12JJD820015)

摘　　要：真实性是名誉侵权诉讼中最有力的抗辩之一,其地位伴随着名誉权内涵与外延的历史发展而不断演进。随着名誉权与隐私权界限的明晰,真实性抗辩正逐步摆脱传统诽谤法上正当理由抗辩要求的"公共利益"要件。真实性抗辩系指法律上真实,主要适用于事实陈述言论,且无须要求全部真实,实质内容真实即可。虽报道不实推定原则饱受争议,但由被告证明真实的基本原则仍具说服力。真实性属客观绝对抗辩,报道时尚不存在的证据也应当考虑在内。Truth is one of the most effective defenses in defamation litigation, and its role in defamation law evolves with the historical development of connotation and denotation of reputation. While the definition of reputation and privacy becomes clear, public interest, which is necessary to claim the defense of justification in traditional defamation law, is no longer a requisite for the defense of truth. The defense of truth, which means legal truth essentially, is mainly applicable to statement of fact, and should be judged from the view of the average reasonable reader as a decisive criterion. The defendant does not have to prove the veracity of the defamatory statement down to the smallest details, but deem proof of its essential parts sufficient. Although it is disputing in practice, the basic principle of presumption of falsity is more persuasive. Truth is a kind of absolutely objective defence, the evidence which is not available at the time the allegedly defamatory statement was published is admissible as well.

关 键 词：真实性抗辩 正当理由抗辩 实质真实 事实陈述 不实推定 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学] DF51[政治法律—法学]