雍正时期闽台地方官治台主张探析——以沈起元的治台论为中心  

The Local Officials' Views in Fujian and Taiwan about Governing Taiwan during the Period of Yongzheng: On the SHEN Qi-yuan' Thoughts of Governing Taiwan

作　　者：陈忠纯[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学台湾研究院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第6期81-90,共10页Journal of Xiamen University(A Bimonthly for Studies in Arts & Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"台湾史与‘台独史观’批判"(10JJDGJW020)

摘　　要：雍正时期,台湾社会经济发展迅速,既有的治台政策已难以适应。清廷上下由于治台理念的差异,如何调整治台政策存在分歧,而以雍正帝为首的上层决定着治台政策的基调。但是以封禁为主的政策,与台地社会发展的需求背道而驰,更难以收到安定社会的实效。对此,闽台地方官有不同的见解,沈起元即是其中的代表。"台湾文献丛刊"等版本所收集的沈起元治台撰述史料,错漏不少,使人难以了解其著述的背景。沈起元赴台任职负有"绸缪海疆"的使命。他宦台时间虽短,但对台湾的地位及清廷治台政策的得失做了深入考察,不少建议颇为独到、富有远见。诸如重新调整台湾的军政格局,改"防海"为"防山";开放大陆民人赴台谋生;积极开发内山土地,通过抚"番"政策,"化番为民",以消解汉"番"矛盾,巩固清廷对内山地区的统治,等等。从有清一代的治台政策演变看,沈起元的这一系列建言,或迟或速,均得以施行。During the period of Yongzheng, the rapid development of social economy in Taiwan requested adjusting the rule of governing Taiwan. But there were different views within the Qing court on this question. Emperor Yongzheng insisted the negative position about the development of Taiwan, but the local officials in Fujian and Taiwan advocated promoting the reclamation of Taiwan. SHEN Qi-yuan＇ thoughts were one of the representatives of the latter. This paper corrected the errors in the past about SHEN Qi-yuan＇ thoughts on the adjustment of the governance policies of Taiwan, and analyzed the hack- ground of SHEN Qi-yuan＇ writing. SHEN Qi-yuan＇ thoughts revealed the local officials in Fujian and Taiwan had woken up to the realities of Taiwan, and realized that the officials could promote the development of Taiwan to consolidate Qing＇s rule.

关 键 词：沈起元 治台论 地方官 治台方略 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学] K249[历史地理—中国史]