ZnCl_2/PAN基静电纺多孔碳纳米纤维电极的制备及其电容脱盐性能  

ZnCl_2/PAN Based Electrospun Porous Carbon Nanofiber Electrode Preparation and Its Capacitive Desalination Performance

作　　者：王程斋[1] 刘建允[1] 廖金金[1] 王世平[1] 杨健茂[2] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]东华大学分析测试中心,上海201620

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第5期527-531,共5页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21105009);电分析化学国家重点实验室开放课题资助项目(SKLEAC2001205);中央高校基本科研经费专项资金资助项目(13D111305)

摘　　要：采用静电纺丝技术制备ZnCl2/聚丙烯腈(PAN)基复合纳米纤维,经预氧化、碳化和HCl处理制得电容器脱盐用多孔碳纳米纤维(简称PCNF)电极.通过扫描电镜、比表面积、红外光谱及接触角技术研究PCNF的形貌、结构性能.结果表明,ZnCl2对纳米纤维丝具有造孔作用,提高了纤维的比表面积,同时改善了纤维的表面亲水性.循环伏安测试证明该PCNF电极具有较高的双电层电容,将其组装电容器,成功用于盐水淡化,单个循环的脱盐量为8.2mg/g,比纯PAN基碳纳米纤维电极提高了5倍.以PCNF作为电极的电容器脱盐循环稳定性好,有望用于苦咸水及海水的淡化处理.The porous carbon nanofiber electrode is fabricated by electrospinning ZnCl2/PAN composite, followed by pre-oxidation, carbonization and HCl-treatment. The morphology and surface structure of the obtained porous carbon nanofiber is characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, specific surface area test, infrared spectrum（IR） and contact angle analysis. The results show that there are many holes on the nanofibers because of ZnCl2 addition. The specific surface area and hydrophilicity of the fiber surface are improved. Cyclic voltammetry test indicates the porous carbon nanofiber electrode possesses high specific double layer capacitance. The porous carbon nanofiber electrode has been successfully used for capacitive desalination with salt removal of 8.2 mg/g in single cycle, 5 times higher than the pure PAN-based carbon fiber. The good desalination performance and high cycling stability of the porous carbon nanofiber electrode capacitor demonstrated that it would be promising for water purification application.

关 键 词：静电纺丝技术 氯化锌 多孔碳纳米纤维电极 电容器 脱盐 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]