利用航天诱变技术选育优质高产水稻新品种研究  

Space Flight Mutation Breeding of High-Quality and High-Yield Rice Varieties-Xindao No.39

作　　者：布哈丽且木[1] 王奉斌[1] 蔡栋[1] 袁杰[1] 张燕红[1] 赵志强[1] 朱小霞[2] 文孝荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业科学院温宿水稻试验站,新疆温宿843100

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2014年第8期1388-1393,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技支撑基金项目"粳型超级稻新品种选育与示范"(201331120)

摘　　要：【目的】利用空间诱变技术培育出适合新疆气候种植的优质水稻新品种。【方法】水稻品种新稻11号干种子搭载返回式卫星,经诱变处理后将种子在地面种植,经过多年后代系谱选育,调查后代的农艺性状和经济性状,选育出的优良品系参加新疆区域试验和生产试验。【结果】F1代出现变异单株;F2代群体的单株间主要农艺、经济性状出现了强烈的后代分离,F3代个别株系开始稳定。F4代基本进入稳定状态,从中筛选出结实率高、产量高,食味佳,整精米率高(抗爆腰),抗病性强的突变株系。【结论】水稻品种新稻11号干种子经空间诱变所产生的变异频率高,变异幅度大,并能够稳定的遗传给后代[1]。经系谱选育,育成一个适合新疆干燥气候条件下种植的抗爆腰型、高产、优质水稻新品种新稻39号。【Objective】This study was conducted to breed new rice varieties which would be suitable for being planted in Xinjiang＇s climate by using space flight mutation technique. 【Method】Dry seeds of Xindao No. 11 were taken by returnable satellite and planted in land after space flight mutation. After years of progenies pedigree breeding,properties of agronomy and economy of progenies were investigated,and fine strains were selected to join the region test and the production test of autonomous region.【Result】F1generation started to show mutation; F2 population appeared strong posterity segregation in main agronomy and economic traits,part of F3 generation started to be stabilized. F4 basically entered the stable state. From the them,the mutative varieties which had high seed setting rate,high yield,good taste,high milled rice（resistant break of paddy middle）,and disease resistance were selected.【Conclusion】The dry seeds of Xindao No. 11 had highvariation frequency,wide variation range and were able to inherit the variation to the later generations by space flight mutation and it was hoped to breed new seed resources with high yield,fine quality and resistant break of paddy middle that would be suitable for Xinjiang＇s dry climate-Xindao No. 39.

关 键 词：水稻 空间诱变 选育 

分 类 号：S11[农业科学—农业基础科学] S503.51