修剪强度对不同密度板栗叶片质量与光合特征的影响  

Effect of Different Pruning Intensity on Leaf Traits and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Chinese Chestnut with Different Plant Densities

作　　者：彭晶晶[1] 郭素娟[1] 王静[1] 徐丞[1] 任帅[1] 

机构地区：[1]省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室(北京林业大学),北京100083

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2014年第11期47-50,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划专项(2013BAD1B0402);国家林业公益性行业科研专项重大项目(201204401)

摘　　要：以13年生‘3113’板栗为试验对象,在河北省迁西县板栗种植园内两种主栽密度下(密度Ⅰ,株行距3 m×4 m;密度Ⅱ,株行距4 m×6 m)分别进行3种修剪强度试验,分别是P1、P2、P3,每平米树冠投影面积留母枝数为8、10、12个;测定了板栗冠层不同部位叶片的叶绿素质量分数、比叶质量和光合特征(净光合速率、蒸腾速率和瞬时水分利用效率)。结果表明:两密度中冠层各部位叶绿素质量分数均随着修剪强度的增加而降低;由小到大的顺序均表现为P1、P2、P3。密度Ⅰ中比叶质量、净光合速率与蒸腾速率均随着修剪强度的增加而增加,由大到小的顺序为P1、P2、P3;密度Ⅱ冠层各部位比叶质量最高值均出现在P2中,达到了140.55 g·m-2,在冠层上部P2净光合速率和蒸腾速率显著高于P1、P3。瞬时水分利用效率差异较小,密度Ⅰ中P1冠层中部与内膛最低,其他部位无差异;密度Ⅱ中,除内膛无差异外,P3显著高于其他两个处理。We selected 13 year old Castanea mollissima‘3113’ with two main cultivate densities （ I：spacing of 3 m×4 m;II：spacing of 4 m×6 m） in Qianxi chestnut plantation of Hebei Province.Three pruning intensity treatments （8, 10, 12 bien-nial bearing branches per square meter of crown projection area） were set up on each density, donated as P1, P2, P3.In order to explain the impact of pruning on leaves from the physiological characteristics, we measured chlorophyll content, leaf mass per area, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and instantaneous water use efficiency in different crown.The chlorophyll content is decreased with the increase of pruning intensity in any part of the crown in two densities, P1〈P 2〈P3.Leaf mass per area, photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate increased with the increase of pruning intensity in density I, P1＆gt;P2＆gt;P3, the designed maximum of leaf mass per area was in the whole crown, which reached 140.55 g· m-2 in up-per crown in P2 of density II.Photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate in upper crown of P2 were significantly higher than P1 and P3.There was no difference between three pruning intensities but the middle crown in P2 in density I.P3 was sig-nificantly higher than P1 and P2 except inner crown in density II.

关 键 词：修剪强度 板栗 叶片质量 净光合速率 蒸腾速率 瞬时水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S664.2[农业科学—果树学] Q945.11[农业科学—园艺学]