烟草靶斑病菌(Rhizoctonia solani)细胞壁降解酶活性分析及其致病作用  

Activity Pathogenic Effect of Cell Wall Degrading Enzyme in Tobacco Target Spot Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani

作　　者：赵艳琴[1,2] 吴元华[1] 伏颖 赵秀香[1] 陈建光[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,沈阳市东陵路120号110866 [2]内蒙古民族大学农学院 [3]沈阳市疾病防控中心

出　　处：《烟草科技》2014年第11期84-88,共5页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局科技项目"全国烟草有害生物调查研究"[国烟办综(2010)182号];辽宁省烟草专卖局科技攻关项目"辽宁省烟草有害生物调查研究"[辽烟计(2010)86号]

摘　　要：为揭示烟草靶斑病菌细胞壁降解酶的致病机理,进行了烟草靶斑病菌细胞壁降解酶活性变化、产酶条件及对叶片损伤作用的研究.结果表明：烟草靶斑病菌在烟草活体内、外均可产生果胶酶及纤维素酶,其中烟草组织活体外以多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）和果胶甲基半乳糖醛酸酶（PMG）活性最高,而在烟草活体内羧甲基纤维素酶（Cx）和β-葡萄糖苷酶活性最高,且强致病力菌株的产酶能力强于弱致病力菌株;产酶条件研究表明,培养10d产生的Cx和β-葡萄糖苷酶的活性最强,而培养12d产生的PG、PMG、多聚半乳糖醛酸反式消除酶（PGTE）和果胶甲基反式消除酶（PMTE）的活性最强;最适宜产生CWDEs的条件为250下,pH5～6连续黑暗的静止培养环境;烟草靶斑病菌产生的细胞壁降解酶可导致烟草叶片明显受损,其损伤作用大小表现为混合酶明显高于单一酶,且果胶酶对烟草叶片的损伤作用高于纤维素酶.In order to reveal the pathogenic mechanism of cell wall degrading enzymes （CWDEs） in tobacco target spot disease pathogen,Rhizoctonia solani （R.solani） was studied in terms of their activities,production condition and damage effect.The results showed that R.solani in tobacco could produce pectinase and cellulase both inside and outside a living body.Outside the living body,the activities of polygalacturonase （PG） and pectin methylgalactuionase （PMG） were the highest; inside the living body,the activities of carboxymethyl cellulase （Cx） and β-glucosidase were the highest,and the enzyme production ability of strains with strong pathogenicity was stronger than that of strains with weak pathogenicity.Cx and β-glucosidase cultured for 10 days reached their highest activities,while PG,PMG,polygalacturonic acid transeliminase （PGTE） and pectin methyltranseliminase （PMTE） cultured for 12 days reached their highest activities.The appropriate conditions for producing CWDEs were：temperature 25 ℃,pH value 5-6,still culture in the dark.The CWDEs in R.solani could obviously damage tobacco leaves,the damage caused by a mix of said enzymes was more serious than that caused by a single enzyme,and the damage caused by pectinase was more serious than that caused by cellulase.

关 键 词：烟草靶斑病 立枯丝核菌 细胞壁降解酶 产酶条件 致病作用 

分 类 号：S432.41[农业科学—植物病理学]