引进水稻种质穗部性状相关基因全基因组关联分析及利用探讨  

Genome-wide Association Analysis on Genes Controlling Panicle Traits of Varieties from International Rice Core Collection Bank and Its Breeding Utilization

作　　者：左示敏[1,2] 康厚祥[2] 李前前[1] 陈宗祥[1] 张亚芳[1] 刘文德[2] 王国梁[2] 陈红旗[3] 潘学彪[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/教育部植物功能基因组学重点实验室,江苏扬州225009 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所/植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [3]中国水稻研究所水稻生物学国家重点实验室,杭州310006

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2014年第6期649-658,共10页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2014ZX0800103B);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2013M540170);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(SBK201320708)

摘　　要：对从国际水稻核心种质库中引进的315份水稻品种的5个穗部性状进行了全基因组关联分析,发现穗长和一次枝粳数受环境影响大,而粒长、粒宽和籽粒长宽比在不同环境下的变化较小。检测到与穗长、一次枝粳数、粒长、粒宽和籽粒长宽比显著关联的标记区域分别有7、5、10、8和6个,其中,粒型相关的11个区域和一次枝粳数相关的1个区域在两个环境中均被检测到。各品种携带的增效等位变异的个数与性状表型值呈显著线性相关。在所有关联位点中,香稻亚群(ARO)和热带粳稻(TRJ)亚群品种平均携带的增效等位变异数最多,最少的为温带粳稻(TEJ)亚群品种;我国水稻品种在其中6个关联位点上主要携带减效等位变异。筛选到具有30个以上增效等位变异的15份水稻种质,均属于TRJ亚群,来自11个不同国家。TRJ亚群品种在我国水稻高产、稳产育种中具有较高的应用价值,并讨论了利用TRJ亚群品种改良我国水稻穗部性状的方法。Genome-wide association study （GWAS ） on five panicle traits of 3 1 5 rice accessions introduced from international rice micro-core germplasm bank was conducted.The panicle length （PL）and the primary rachis branch number （PBN）exhibited significant difference between the two plant locations,while grain length （GL）,grain width （GW）and grain length to width ratio （GLWR）were not,indicating that PL and PBN are sensitive to environments. Totally 7,5 ,10,8 and 6 chromosome regions or SNP （single nucleotide polymorphism）marker loci were significantly associated with PL,PBN,GL,GW and GLWR,respectively.Among them,eleven regions associated with grain shape and one region controlling PBN were consistence in two environments.Significant linear correlation was found between the average trait value and the number of favorable alleles carried by the cultivars in all associational loci.Among all associational loci,the cultivars in Aromatic （ARO ）and tropical japonica （TRJ ）sub-populations owned most favorable alleles,but those in temperate japonica （TEJ）sub-population contained the least.The domestic varieties mainly harbored unfavorable alleles in 6 of associational loci detected.Totally 1 5 varieties from 1 1 different countries harbored more than 30 favorable alleles,which were fallen in TRJ sub-population,demonstrating that the cultivars in TRJ sub-population have high potential in rice breeding for high and stable yield.Based on these results,we discussed the approach to improve domestic rice panicle traits by using TRJ varieties.

关 键 词：国际水稻核心种质 穗部性状 关联分析 增效等位基因 育种利用 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]