1986-2012年泰安市流行性乙型脑炎流行特征分析  

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese B Encephalitis in Tai'an between 1986 and 2012

作　　者：王晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]泰安市疾病预防控制中心,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第22期4045-4047,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析泰安市1986-2012年流行性乙型脑炎流行病学特征,为有效控制乙脑提供科学依据。方法对泰安市1986-2012年流行性乙型脑炎疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析,数据采用Excel2003和SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。结果 1986-2012年泰安市共报告852例乙脑病例,死亡52例,年平均发病率和年平均死亡率分别为0.54/10万、0.03/10万;各县市区均有发病,呈高度散发状态;7-9月为发病高峰;20岁以上成人占发病总数的56.10%,2004年以后高发年龄有明显后移趋势,不同免疫策略时期,乙脑发病年龄构成差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.29,P<0.01);职业以农民或城乡打工人群及学生为主,占总报告病例的66.78%。结论泰安市乙脑发病呈持续下降趋势,近年来维持在较低水平,发病有明显的季节性,病例年龄分布有逐渐向成年人偏移的趋势。建议在做好适龄儿童免疫接种的同时,开展成年人乙脑监测,探讨研究成人乙脑发病危险因素,为制定成人乙脑预防控制策略提供依据。Objective This work aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the Japanese B encephalitis （JE） in Taian and discuss the control and preventive methods. Methods Epidemiological analysis on JE data of Tai＇an city was conducted. SPSS 13.0 and Excel 2003 were utilized for the statistical analysis. Results 852 JE cases and 52 death were reported in Tai＇an during 1986-2012. The average annual incidence and mortality were 0.54/100 000 and 0.03/100 000, respectively. JE cases scattered over the whale area of Tai＇an. Incidence peaked in July and September every year. JE patients over 20 accounted for 54.10% of the total, and the high-risk age apparently increased after 2004. Statistically significant difference in age of onset was observed between different periods of JE vaccine immunization strategy （~=33.29, P〈0.01 ）. Farmers and students accounted for 66.78% of all the cases. Conclusion The JE incidence in Tai＇an continued to decline and maintained at low level in recent years. The incidence presented a seasonal pattern, and gradually shifted toward adults. It is necessary to monitor adult JE for the fomulation of prevention and control strategy.

关 键 词：流行性乙型脑炎 流行病学特征 监测 

分 类 号：R183.5[医药卫生—流行病学]