城市农民工的社会适应状况及其影响因素研究  

Social Adaptation Status of Peasant Workers and Its Influencing Factors

作　　者：李丽娜[1] 崔向军[1] 刘霄[1] 秦彤[1] 吕少博[1] 李钰祺[1] 赵阳[1] 张秀军[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北联合大学心理学院,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第22期4084-4086,4096,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的研究城市农民工社会适应状况及其影响因素。方法采用社会适应性自测量表、社会支持评定量表、生活满意度量表、自评抑郁量表、自评焦虑量表对某地600名城市农民工进行调查,采用SPSS11.5统计软件对数据进行统计分析处理。结果 (1)城市农民工社会适应状况在性别上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)城市农民工社会适应状况在外出务工时间上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)城市农民工的社会适应状况在不同工作单位上差异有统计学意义(F=2.89,P<0.05)。(4)城市农民工社会适应状况在婚姻状况上差异有统计学意义(F=3.30,P<0.05)。(5)城市农民工社会适应状况在是否与配偶居住上差异有统计学意义(t=2.088,P<0.05)。(6)城市农民工社会适应性与社会支持的客观支持(r1=0.298)、主观支持(r2=0.146)、2个维度存在显著正相关(P<0.05)。与生活满意度(r3=0.112)相关不显著(P>0.05)。(7)生活满意度(t1=2.40,P<0.05)、焦虑(t2=-2.74,P<0.05)、抑郁(t3=-3.00,P<0.01)对社会适应性维度有显著预测作用。结论 (1)城市农民工社生活适应能力总体处于较强水平;(2)城市农民工社会适应情况受婚姻状况、是否与配偶居住、不同工作单位影响;(3)社会支持越好,城市农民工社会适应性越强。(4)生活满意度、焦虑、抑郁对社会适应性有预测作用。Objective The aim of this study was to explore the social adaptation of peasant workers and its influencing factors. Methods 300 new generation peasant workers were surveyed by using the Self-administered Social Adaptation Scale, Social Support Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale and Self-rating Anxiety Scale. Software SPSS 11.5 was used for data analysis. Results The social adaptation of peasant workers was not correlated with their gender （P〉0.05）, not significantly with how long being a peasant worker （P〉0.05）, but was significantly correlated to the type of their work （F=2.89, P〈0.05）, their marital status, different and living experience with their spouses （t=2.088, P〈0.05）. There was a significant positive correlation between social adaptation and objective social support （r1=0.298） and subjective social support （r2=0.146）. Conclusion New generation peasant workers have good social adaptation. Marital status, work type, whether living with spouse are important influencing factors of social adaption. Social support is very important for their social adaption. The level of life satisfaction, depression, anxiety can serve as the indicators of their social adaption.

关 键 词：农民工 社会适应性 社会支持 生活满意度 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]