医院感染现患率调查  

Investigation and analysis on the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection

作　　者：张燕萍[1] 何俊凤[2] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学附属医院感染管理办公室,江苏南通226001 [2]南通大学附属医院科技科,江苏南通226001

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第22期4163-4165,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解医院感染的实际发生情况及抗菌药物的使用现状。为进一步开展医院感染监控工作提供科学依据。方法医院感染管理专职人员与各临床监控小组相配合,采取床旁调查与查阅病史相结合的方法,对2011年10月25日0-24时期间内的所有住院病人,按现患率调查要求填写个案调查表,并逐份输入电脑进行统计分析。结果发现医院感染46例(53例次),医院感染(例次)现患率为2.27%(2.62%);重症ICU是医院感染高发科室;感染部位以下呼吸道为主;鲍曼不动杆菌居医院感染病原菌首位,多重耐药菌感染呈上升趋势;抗菌药物使用率为49.85%,治疗(治疗+预防)性用药占72.32%,病原菌送检率为27.71%。结论现患率调查基本反映了医院感染发生及抗菌药物使用的现状。应加强重点科室的目标性监测;规范呼吸机管理;合理使用抗菌药物,提高病原菌送检率;防控多重耐药菌感染。Objective The aim of this study was to comprehend the actual occurrence of nosocomial infection and the application of antibacterial drug, in order to provide scientific basis for further development of nosocomial infection surveillance. Methods Bedside survey was combined with medical records for all inpatients received from 0：00 to 24：00 on Oct 25~h 2011. The full-time staffs on controlling nosocomial infection cooperated with clinical monitoring group, uniformly fill the case questionnaire and input the data into the computer one by one for statistical analysis. Results The survey showed that nosocomial infection occurred in 46 cases with an infection rate of 2.27%, or 53 case-times with a case-time rate of 2.62%. The highest prevalence rate appeared in ICU. Lower respiratory tract was the primary infection site. Acinetobacter baumannii was the most common pathogen in nosocomial infection. Bacterial infection with multiple drug resistance was increasing. Utilization ratio of antibacterial drug was 49.85%. Medication for treatment or combining treatment and prevention accounted for 72.32%. Pathogen detection rate was 27.71%. Conclusion The investigation on prevalence rate basically reflected the actual occurrence of nosocomial infection and application of antibacterial drug. Focus should be placed on strengthening objective surveillance on the key departments, standardizing the management of ventilator, using antibacterial drug rationally, improving pathogen detection rate and strictly controlling the infection of muhivle druz resistant bacteria.

关 键 词：医院感染 抗菌药物 现患率调查 多重耐药菌 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]