小儿先天性心脏病术后气胸的预防及护理探讨  

Prevention and Nursing Methods of Postoperative Pneumothorax of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease

作　　者：秦雅莉[1] 杨敏[1] 胡可可[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省儿童医院,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《临床医学工程》2014年第11期1471-1472,共2页Clinical Medicine & Engineering

摘　　要：目的探讨小儿先天性心脏病术后气胸的预防及护理措施。方法收集我院2009年7月至2013年7月期间诊治的小儿先天性心脏病患儿366例作为研究对象,随机分为试验组与对照组,每组各183例。对照组患儿采用常规护理模式,试验组患儿在对照组护理方法的基础上采用加强气胸预防、呼吸道护理等综合护理干预模式,对两组患儿的气胸及感染的发生率进行分析对比。结果试验组中有1名患儿发生气胸,气胸发生率为0.55%,4例感染,感染发生率为2.19%;对照组中有8名患儿发生气胸,气胸发生率为4.37%,20例感染,感染发生率为10.9%;试验组气胸及感染的发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对小儿先天性心脏病实施手术治疗过程中容易发生气胸、感染等并发症,对治疗效果和预后造成了严重的影响,因此需要引起临床人员的重视,采取全面有效的护理干预,加强对气胸及其他并发症的预防,提高治疗效果。Objective To explore the prevention and nursing methods of postoperative pneumothorax of children with congenital heart disease. Methods 366 children with congenital heart disease admitted to our hospital from July 2009 to July 2013 were selected in this study. All cases were randomly divided into the experimental group （n = 183） and the control group （n = 183）. Children in the control group were given routine nursing methods, while children in the experimental group were given comprehensive nursing intervention including strengthen prevention methods of pneumothorax and respiratory care on the basis of routine nursing methods. The incidence of pneumothorax and incidence of infection after surgery of two groups were observed and compared. Results After surgery, 1 case and 4 cases of experimental group had pneumothorax and infection respectively, with the pneumothorax rate of 0.55 %, and infection rate of 2.19%. 8 cases and 20 cases of control group had pneumothorax and infection respectively, with the pneumothorax rate of 4.37% and the infection rate of 10.9%. The differences of incidences of pneumothorax and infection after surgery between two groups were statistically significant （both P 〈0.05）. Conclusions During the surgery of children with congenital heart disease, complications such as pneumothorax and infection are easy to happen, which cause adverse effects for the treatment and prognosis. Comprehensive and effective nursing intervention, strengthened prevention methods ofpneumothorax should be taken to improve the therapeutic effect.

关 键 词：小儿先天性心脏病 气胸 预防 护理 措施 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学] R725.4[医药卫生—临床医学]