气动振动式匀种装置工作参数的优化及试验  

Optimization and test of operational parameters of pneumatic vibration uniform-seeds device

作　　者：齐龙[1] 谭祖庭[1,2] 马旭[1] 陈国锐[1] 谢俊锋[1] 邝健霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学工程学院,广州510642 [2]惠州雷士光电科技有限公司,广东惠州516021

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2014年第6期1684-1691,共8页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：'863'国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2012AA10A501);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20114404110004);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(201203059);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项基金项目(CARS-01-33)

摘　　要：为了提高杂交稻在低播种量时的播种性能,对水稻秧盘育秧精密播种机气动振动匀种装置进行了理论分析和试验研究。通过振动分析确定了振动匀种装置稳定均匀排种的条件。采用正交试验方法,研究了播种量分别为45g/盘、65g/盘和85g/盘时,气源排储比A、V-T振盘筛分板的梯形半差C和安装角β对播种合格率和空穴率的影响规律,得到3种播种量的最佳参数组合分别为气源排储比A为0.036/40,梯形半差C为5mm,安装角β分别为-4°、0°、+4°。最佳参数组合下的试验结果表明:播种量为45g/盘、65g/盘和85g/盘时的播种合格率分别为88.33%、90.83%和93.06%,空穴率分别为1.67%、0.56%和0%,播种性能能够满足超级杂交稻和杂交稻低播种量精密播种的技术要求。A precision seeder for tray nursing seedlings of rice was developed using a new-type pneumatic vibration uniform-seeds device to promote the sowing performance of hybrid rice in low seeding rate.First,steady and uniform seeding condition with different working parameters of the uniform-seeds device was determined,including displacement-storage capacity ratio of air supply,A,setting angle,β,and trapezoidal half difference,C,of the sieving board.Then orthogonal tests were conducted to further investigate the effects of these parameters on the sowing performance,in which the seeding rates were 45 g per tray for supper hybrid rice,65 g per tray for hybrid rice,and 85 g per tray for inbred rice,respectively.Results show that the best operational parameter combinations were：A was 0.036/40.0Cwas 5mm andβwas-4°,0°and＋4°when seeding rates were 45 g per tray,65 per tray and 85 per tray,respectively.Sowing performance tests based on the best parametercombinations were carried out.The sowing qualified rates were 88.33%,90.83%,93.06%,and the cavity rates were 1.76%,0.56%,0%for three seeding rates respectively.The sowing performance meets the requirements of precision seeding of super hybrid rice and hybrid rice in low seeding rates.

关 键 词：农业工程 水稻育秧 水稻精密播种器 振动匀种盘装置 正交试验 

分 类 号：TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]