输电线路运行安全影响因素分析及防治措施  

Analysis of Influential Factors on Operation Safety of Transmission Line and Countermeasures

作　　者：胡毅[1,2] 刘凯[1] 吴田[1] 刘艳[1] 苏梓铭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国电力科学研究院,武汉430074 [2]国网湖北省电力公司,武汉430077

出　　处：《高电压技术》2014年第11期3491-3499,共9页High Voltage Engineering

摘　　要：输电线路覆盖区域广阔,特别是超、特高压线路输电距离长且有的重要通道密集布置多回线路,沿途气象、地理环境复杂,在极端气候条件下线路跳闸对电网的运行安全可能产生严重的影响。为了分析线路运行安全影响因素及防治措施,在统计近年来高压输电线路跳闸率和运行故障的基础上,分析雷击、冰害、山火、风偏、污闪等主要故障形式及其特点,在此基础上提出了针对性的防治措施,在总结线路运维技术和需求的基础上提出了今后的研究思路和发展方向。分析表明雷击仍然是影响线路运行安全的重要因素,而山火和冰害引发跳闸有增加的趋势,污闪跳闸则得到了有效的控制。针对不同跳闸给出了具体的防治措施,如山火故障,需要从通道规划、巡防、监测、预警、预判、应急运行等多种措施着手,减少山火对线路安全运行的影响。有必要在运维大数据综合分析、自动化检测装置和机械化检修设备、多种监测方式相结合的一体化监测系统和输电线路一体化运维体系等方面开展研究,使感知监测、状态分析、检修维护形成一个互动、整体、高效、智能化的运维体系。Because of the wide coverage and long distance of transmission lines, especially EHV and UHV transmission lines, meteorological and geographical environments of line corridor are complex. In particular, several important lines may arrange in the same right-of-way, so line trips can seriously impair the safe operation of the power grid in extreme weather conditions. Based on statistics data of the tripping rate and operation failure of high voltage transmission lines in recent years, the main characteristics and regular patterns of the influencing factors were investigated and summarized from two aspects of external environment and line internal causes, and the corresponding prevention measures were put forward. Based on investigation topics on reducing the operation faults and improving the level of operation maintenance of lines, the research topics and development trends were presented. Results show that the main faults affecting the safe operation of the transmission lines are lightning stroke, icing, forest fires, monsoon, and pollution flashovers, etc. Lightning stroke is still a principal factor affecting the operation safety of lines, while transmission lines trips caused by forest fires and icing disasters have a tendency to increase and pollution flashover is under control. Furthermore, some prevention measures were presented for different types of trips. As for mountain fire induced failures, channel planning, scouts, monitoring, early warning and forecasting, emergency operation, and other measures should be comprehensively applied to reduce fire effects on safety of lines operation. It is necessary to enhance following research works： the operational big data comprehensive analysis, automation of detection device and mechanization of maintenance equipment, fusion of multiple monitoring methods to an integrative monitoring and operational system of transmission line, so as to make the sense condition monitoring, condition analysis, maintenance to form an interactive, integrated, efficient, and intell

关 键 词：输电线路 运行安全 山火 雷击 污闪 覆冰 防治措施 跳闸率 

分 类 号：TM75[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]