化学品事故调查与管理软件平台工具设计与开发  

The design and development of intelligent tool for accidents investigation and management

作　　者：章展鹏 赵劲松[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学化学工程系化工过程事故预防与应急研究中心,北京100084

出　　处：《计算机与应用化学》2014年第11期1293-1297,共5页Computers and Applied Chemistry

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2013AA040702)

摘　　要：事故调查是吸取经验教训、预防类似事故的重要途径。但是目前国内的化学品事故调查普遍缺乏系统、科学、一致的方法论,进而导致了事故调查报告的根本原因分析不彻底、不清晰的问题,妨碍了从事故调查报告有效吸取经验教训,使得类似的事故反复重演。根据现代事故原因链模型,本文阐明了重大化学品事故与过程安全管理(PSM)系统的辨证关系,明确提出重大化学品事故调查应该深入到过程安全管理系统的各个要素。为指导事故调查和便于事故管理,本文将对比已知模型和逻辑分析构建方法相集成,开发了对化学品事故根本原因分析具有指导功能的化学品事故调查与管理软件平台(iTAIM)。相比国内外成熟商业化软件,iTAIM在事故调查和事故管理上具有化学品事故根本原因分析指导性强、事故信息呈现直观等优势特点。The incidents/accidents investigation as one of the Process Safety Management （PSM） elements is an important method for learning lessons from incidents/accidents and preventing the similar accidents from happening again. But in some cases the root causes were not identified because of lack of proper methodologies and philosophy used. The discussion about the dialectical relationship between PSM elements in this paper clarified that the root cause analysis for major chemical accident investigation must go to the PSM system. To facilitate chemical accident investigation and management, an intelligent tool named iTAIM was developed in this paper. Fault tree analysis and predefined tree analysis were integrated in iTAIM to help users identify root causes inside the PSM system. Fishbone diagram is used to visualize the accident development process. An accidents case base is built in iTAIM to maintain the accident investigation data which can be used for excavating knowledge for updating the predefined trees and implementing other PSM elements such as process hazard analysis, training, emergency planning ＆ response, etc. Compared with the other commercial software, iTAIM is the only computer tool especially targeting the PSM system.

关 键 词：事故调查 根本原因 故障树 鱼骨图 软件开发 

分 类 号：TQ015.9[化学工程] TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]