工业污染场地土壤中汞的化学形态及其环境限值探讨  

Chemical speciation and environmental standards of mercury in soil from contaminated industrial sites

作　　者：龙涛[1,2] 钟重[3] 邓绍坡[1,2] 王磊[1,2] 吴运金[1,2] 祝欣[1,2] 林玉锁[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [2]国家环境保护土壤环境管理与污染控制重点实验室,江苏南京210042 [3]浙江省环境保护科学设计研究院,浙江杭州310007

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2014年第11期1-5,共5页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(No.201309005-4);人社部留学人员科技活动项目;人社部高层次留学人才回国工作资助项目

摘　　要：汞是中国工业污染场地土壤中常见的重金属污染物,汞的常见形态包括单质汞、无机汞和甲基汞。比较了不同形态的汞及其化合物在物化性质、环境行为、毒性效应及致毒机制上的差异,还以美国、英国为例,探讨了针对不同形态的汞分别制定土壤环境限值的方法。最后指出,中国现有的土壤环境质量相关标准以及污染场地风险评估导则中均尚未区分汞的形态,仅给出总汞含量的限值。因此,在未来的相关标准制定中,应考虑按汞的各种形态制定不同的标准,这将更有利于客观准确评价工业污染场地土壤中汞的污染程度和环境风险。Mercury is a common heavy metal in soils at contaminated industrial sites in China.Major mercury species include elemental mercury,inorganic mercury and methylmercury.In this article,the differences in physical/chemical properties,environmental behaviors and toxicological effects of different mercury species were compared.Methods to develop soil environmental standards considering mercury speciation were analyzed using USA and UK standards as examples.Currently in China,soil environmental standards and relative risk assessment guidelines have not taken mercury speciation into consideration.Addressing different mercury species in developing soil environmental standards may help evaluating soil quality and related environmental risk more objectively and accurately.

关 键 词：汞 污染场地 风险评价 标准 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]