陶瓷材料破坏过程中的声发射源定位方法  

Location of Acoustic Emission of Ceramics Fracturing

作　　者：褚亮[1] 任会兰[1] 龙波[1] 宁建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《兵工学报》2014年第11期1828-1835,共8页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11172045;11221202);爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室自主课题项目(YBKT13-04)

摘　　要：大多数研究者利用声发射检测陶瓷损伤断裂现象时,主要通过声发射参数分析陶瓷破坏过程,但该方法无法对陶瓷内的裂纹位置进行定位。鉴于该情况,对Geiger算法的初值选择问题进行优化,将优化后的Geiger算法应用于二维平面定位、三维空间定位实验,并计算了该方法的定位精度,即:在200 mm×200 mm的平板上,声发射源定位平均误差为1.641 mm;在50 mm×50 mm×100 mm的立方体上,声发射源定位平均误差为3.47 mm.其中材料的性质,声发射检测系统精度以及定位算法本身都是产生的误差的原因。实验研究了AD95(95%)氧化铝陶瓷压缩破坏过程中的声发射特性,利用优化后的Geiger算法对材料压缩破坏过程中的声发射源进行空间定位,定位结果和陶瓷实际断裂位置一致,该方法可用于分析陶瓷内部裂纹扩展过程。AE（ acoustic emission） parameter analysis method is considered in the research on ceramics fracturing,but the position of cracks in ceramics is impossible to be located using the method. The initial value selection of Geiger algorithm is optimized. The algorithm is verified by 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional location experiments,and the location accuracy is analyzed according to the experimental results.The average location error of acoustic emission source on a 200 mm × 200 mm2 flat plate is 1. 641 mm,and that on a 50 mm × 50 mm × 100 mm cube is 3. 47 mm. The reasons of the error mainly include the properties of material,the accuracy of acoustic emission testing system and the location algorithm. Lots of microcracks occur and grow in a typical brittle material,such as ceramics,during loading,resulting in acoustic emission（ AE）. Through the compression test and 3-dimensional locating detection of AD95（ 95%） alumina ceramic specimens,the acoustic emission characteristics are achieved and the positions of cracks are located by the optimized Geiger algorithm. The location result is in accordance with the actual fracture position,and the formation and propagation of cracks in ceramics can be analyzed by the method.

关 键 词：材料检测与分析技术 声发射 陶瓷材料 Geiger算法 

分 类 号：O341[理学—固体力学]