劳动力外出、收入增长与种植业结构调整——基于江苏省农户调查数据的分析  

Migration,Revenue Growth & Crop Structure Adjustment: Based on Farmers Household Survey Data of Jiangsu Province

作　　者：薛庆根[1,2] 王全忠[1] 朱晓莉[1] 周宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学中国粮食安全研究中心,江苏南京210095 [2]扬州大学商学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2014年第6期34-41,共8页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71173109;71473121);国家社会科学基金重大项目(13&ZD160);南京农业大学人文社科基金产经岗位培育项目(SKGW2014002);江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目(KYZZ_0167);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：本文使用1997—2010年国家农村固定观察点中江苏省6县(市)11个村镇的农户调查追踪数据,分析了农户家庭劳动力外出、收入增长对种植业结构调整之间的关系和影响程度。研究结果表明,江苏省农户的种植业结构调整近似呈现出周期性波动,户均粮食、经济作物的播种面积呈现剧烈波动,而户均蔬菜的种植面积则呈现不断上升势头;当前农户家庭中的农业生产者多以解决家庭日常农产品消费和出售剩余农产品获利为目标的劳动分工定位,而随着家庭中劳动力外出、家庭总收入及外出收入的增长,反而更易导致农户维持现有的种植业结构不变,且随着生产者年龄增长,其自发地调整种植业结构的力度也不断减弱;提高农户的种植业经济收益对其调整种植业结构具有明显的激励作用,政府在种植业结构调整中扮演着重要角色,利用种植业结构调整中的村庄外部效应对农户决策的正向影响,培养现代职业农民,通过发展种养结合等途径切实提高农户经营收入。This article analyzed the relationship between labor migration, revenue growth and crop structure ad-justment and their extent of influence, using the track data of National Rural Fixed Observation Point with 11 vil-lages of 6 cities in Jiangsu Province during 1997 to 2010. The results showed that there was an approximate cy-clical fluctuation of farmers planting structural adjustment in Jiangsu Province, and the average acreage of grain,and cash crops showed volatility, while the average vegetable acreage showed increasing momentum. The farm-ers＇division of positioning was determined by where family agricultural producers＇profit goal was in order to bet-ter solve the household daily consumption and sell the remaining agricultural products currently, but with thefarm household labor force going out,and family total revenue and off-farm revenue growth, the situation willmore likely cause farmers to maintain existing crop structure constant. Meanwhile, we found that along with thefarmers＇age increasing, the efforts to adjust the crop structure spontaneously was diminishing, but to improve theeconomic benefits of crop planting can give incentive to farmers to adjust their crop planting structure. The localgovernment plays an important role in crop structure adjustment, and they need to use the significant positiveeffect of the externality of villages＇crop structure on farmers＇decision making, and train modern professionalfarmers, and improve farmers＇revenue growth through combining crop planting and aquaculture effectively.

关 键 词：种植业结构调整 劳动力外出 收入增长 劳动分工 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]