我国海洋新兴产业战略概观  

The Strategic Overview of Marine Emerging Industries in China

作　　者：杨宁生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院,北京100141

出　　处：《工程研究（跨学科视野中的工程）》2014年第2期156-166,共11页JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING STUDIES

基　　金：中国工程院重大咨询项目"战略性新兴产业培育与发展"(2012-ZD-9)

摘　　要：海洋新兴产业的重要作用:维护国家海洋权益,抢占海洋战略制高点;提供新的资源和能源,保障国家经济建设;推进经济持续健康发展,转变经济发展结构;建设海洋生态文明,服务和保障民生。我国海洋新兴产业面临的制约因素:门类较全,但发展速度缓慢;科技水平相对较低,产业竞争能力弱;对产业发展的认识不足,政府支持力度不够;发展机制不活,产业化瓶颈突出;服务支撑体系不太健全,产业政策环境有待完善。主要对策是:重视海洋经济发展,整体提升海洋产业的战略地位;优化海洋产业结构,加快海洋开发步伐;加快海洋科技创新体系建设,提高海洋科技自主创新能力;以重大工程和重点项目为支撑,突破产业化瓶颈;合理配置资源,协调海洋经济发展与环境保护。The emerging marine industries are the important components of the national strategic industries. It plays critical roles in safeguarding the national marine rights and interests, providing new resources and energies for the national economic development, transformation of economic development structures and construction of ocean ecological civilization and improving the people's livelihood. Emerging Marine industries include marine biomedicines, marine fisheries, the alternative energies, seawater utilizations, mining of deep sea oil and gas, high-end equipment manufacturing, marine logistics, marine environmental protection and so on. These industries in China in recent years have made significant progress. However, compared with the developed countries, we still face a number of constraints:first, development speed is still slow;second, technology lags behind and industry competitive ability is weak; third, insufficient public awareness and government supports; fourth, development mechanism is not well established;and fifth, the service and supporting system is not good enough. Therefore, the primary responses are: focus on marine economic development and enhance the strategic position of marine in-dustries; optimize marine industrial structure and accelerate the pace of ocean development; speed up the con-struction of marine scientific and technological system and improve the innovation capacity; nurture marine emerging industries by supporting necessary key projects; distribute the resources rationally and encourage the harmonious development between ocean economic development and environmental protection.

关 键 词：海洋经济 新兴产业 海洋权益 海洋战略 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济] P74[天文地球—海洋科学]