价值观视域中的天人之辩  

The Debate of Heaven and Human from the Perspective of Value

作　　者：杨国荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国现代思想文化研究所暨哲学系,上海200241

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第6期1-7,149,共7页Journal of East China Normal University（Humanities and Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"中国文化的认知基础与结构研究"(10&ZD064);教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目"实践智慧:历史与理论"(11JJD720004);上海市社科创新基地华东师范大学"文化观念与核心价值"项目

摘　　要：从价值观的视域看,天人之辩既涉及人自身的存在,也关乎人与对象之间的关系。在人的存在这一层面,儒家注重化天性为德性,道家则以维护和回归天性为指向,二者各有所见,也蕴含自身的问题,合理的取向体现在超越天性和德性之间的对峙和分离;它的深层意义,则在于一方面确认人之为人的本质,另一方面又避免社会规范的形式化、外在化。在人与对象之间的关系上,今天面临三重超越或三重扬弃:首先是扬弃前现代的视域,其实质内涵在于超越天人之间原始的合一;其次是扬弃片面的现代性视域,其实质内涵在于超越天人之间的抽象分离;其三,超越后现代的视域,其实质表现为在天人互动充分发展的前提下,在更高的历史阶段重建天人之间的统一。以上超越,同时表现为以历史主义的观念,理解和看待天人之间的关系,其价值的指向,则是人道原则与自然原则的统一。From the perspective of value,the debate of heaven and human involves both the being of human itself and the relation between human beings and objects. Concerning the being of human,Confucianism focuses on transforming innate nature into virtue,while Daoism aims at maintaining and returning to innate nature. Both of them have their own insights and blind points. It would be reasonable to overcome the confrontation and separation between innate nature and virtue,which implies that we shall confirm the nature of human beings and simultaneously avoid the formalization and externalization of social norms. Regarding the relation between human beings and objects,we need to realize overcoming at three levels today: First,overcome the pre-modern perspective,which adheres to the primitive unity of heaven and human; second,discard the biased modern perspective so as to overcome the abstract separation of heaven and human; third,overcome the post-modern perspective so as to re-establish the unity of heaven and human in an advanced historical stage with fully developed interaction of heaven and human. Through seeing and treating the relation between heaven and human from the aspect of historism,we value the unity of the principle of humanism and the principle of nature.

关 键 词：天人之辩 自然原则 人道原则 

分 类 号：D092[政治法律—政治学]