ZM-2钻井液密度调节混合装置的研制与应用  

Development and application of a ZM-2 drilling fluid density adjustment mixing device

作　　者：雷宗明[1] 荣准 孔松涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆科技学院石油与天然气工程学院

出　　处：《天然气工业》2014年第11期82-87,共6页Natural Gas Industry

摘　　要：深水海底常常潜伏着高压浅层(气、水)流,在没有安装防喷器的情况下钻遇浅层流风险很大。此时,常规的借助井口装置产生回压来平衡地层压力的压井方法就不再适用了。在分析国内外多相混合系统结构特点的基础上,根据动态压井原理研发了具有自主知识产权的ZM-2钻井液密度调节混合装置,主要由节流阀、高精度电磁流量计、混合器、哑铃状喷嘴及连接管路等组成,由安装在混合器上的3个入口分别提供重浆、海水及添加剂,采用对冲射流方式来实现不同密度流体的快速均匀混合。室内试验测量获得了节流阀开度与注入流量的关系,确立了压井液密度与重浆流量的线性关系。在南海八号钻井船上进行的现场试验结果表明:所研制的ZM-2钻井液密度调节混合装置整体运行稳定、混合效果良好,在流出混合器混合腔后约0.3m的距离,混合组分密度差可以控制在0.05g/cm3以内,精度较高,可满足动态法压井作业施工的要求。High-pressure shallow（gas/water）flow is often hidden in the deepwater seabed,and it is risky to drill down in shallow flow without BOP.At this point,it is no longer applicable to adopt the conventional well killing method of using back pressure generated by wellhead equipment to balance the formation pressure.Based on the analysis of structural characteristics of domestic and foreign multi-phase mixing systems,a ZM-2drilling fluid density adjustment mixing device was developed according to the principles of dynamic well killing with an independent intellectual property right.The device is mainly composed of a throttle valve,a high-precision electromagnetic flowmeter,a mixer,dumbbell-shaped nozzles,connecting pipes and other components.Fixed on the mixer are three inlets to fill heavy mud,seawater and additives.Opposed jetting is adopted to realize rapid and uniform mixing of fluids with different densities.A laboratory test was conducted to work out the relationship between throttle opening and injection flow rate and establish a linear relationship between killing fluid density and a heavy mud flow.The results of the field test conducted in the Nanhai No.8drill ship showed that the mixing device was stable in operation and excellent in mixing performance.The density difference of ingredient mixture could be controlled within 0.05g/cm3 after the mixture flowed out the mixing chamber of the mixer about 0.3m,so such high precision could meet the requirement of well killing with a dynamic method.

关 键 词：混合装置 压井液 密度 流场模拟 南海八号 室内试验 现场试验 动态法压井作业 

分 类 号：TE254[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]