生物质燃烧源排放烟尘罩稀释采样系统设计与应用  

Design and application of hood dilution sampling system for measuring biomass burning sources

作　　者：张宜升[1] 栾胜基[1,2] 邵敏[3] 曾立武[1] 林云[1,4] 曾立民[3] 何凌燕[1] 黄晓锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳研究生院,人居环境科学与技术重点实验室 [2]深港产学研基地环境模拟与污染控制重点实验室 [3]北京大学环境科学与工程学院,环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室 [4]Department of Atmosphere Sciences, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, USA, 77840-3150

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2014年第11期2741-2748,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家"973"项目(2013CB228503);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41405114);环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室专项经费资助(14K04ESPCP);国家"863"项目(2006AA06A309)

摘　　要：为研究生物质燃烧源颗粒物与气态污染物的排放特征,设计了可用于生物质燃烧排放实验室模拟研究的烟尘罩稀释采样系统.该系统可模拟生物质燃烧释放的高温高浓烟气排放到大气中的冷却、稀释、生长等理化过程,捕集燃烧排放的细颗粒物和多种痕量气态污染物.通过更换不同内径采样嘴等方法,系统稀释倍数可在10～70倍之间调节.详细介绍了系统的设计原理及结构,并对系统可靠性进行了检验.整个采样系统通过了气密性测试,分级采样系统平行性良好,细颗粒物损失在可接受范围,对燃烧状态扰动低,燃烧状态可实时评估.应用该系统测定了我国南方地区典型生物质燃烧源含碳污染物种的排放特征,结果表明其适于模拟各种类型的生物质燃烧.A hood dilution stack sampling system was designed to measure particulate matter and trace gas emissions from biomass burning sources. The cooling, dilution and ageing process were simulated in the system after the hot flue gases were collected by the hood. A series of isokinetic nozzles were used to adjust dilution ratios ranged from 10 to 70. The design principles and the structure of the sampling system were described in detail. The reliability of the system was verified by performance tests. The system passed hermetic tests with acceptable fine particle loss, and negligible impacts on burning status. Real-time display of burning conditions was achieved by self-designed software. The system was utilized to characterize major carbonaceous species emissions from typical biomass burning sources in South China. Results indicated that the system was suitable of simulating various types of biomass burning activities.

关 键 词：生物质燃烧源 烟尘罩稀释采样 颗粒物 实验室模拟 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]