壳聚糖-硬脂酸磁性易降解吸油污材料的制备研究  

Study on magnetic and degradable chitosan-stearate composites for oil absorbency application

作　　者：郭婷[1] 李伟[1] 张青[1] 童志平[1] 孟涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学生命科学与工程学院,成都610031

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2014年第11期47-49,共3页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21106115);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(SWJTU12CX049;SWJTU11ZT25)

摘　　要：通过壳聚糖-NH+3基团与硬脂酸钠-COO-基团结合形成离子复合物,再与带负电荷的Fe3O4纳米颗粒交联,制备出一种新型磁性复合吸油材料。通过高倍显微镜测试表征复合物的形貌与尺寸。考察了硬脂酸钠与壳聚糖不同质量比复合物的吸油性能,结果显示当质量比为0.9时,复合物对大豆油、柴油和煤油的吸油倍率分别达到峰值24、20和15g·g-1,即材料可吸附相当于自身重量几十倍的油量。特别的是,在磁铁的引导下,复合物显示出定向吸附和定向转移的能力。此外,易降解性,可变的成品体积以及吸油后仍浮于水面等特性,使得本复合吸油材料具备可观的应用前景,为油污的自动化收集提供了一个新的方法。A novel type of magnetic oil absorbent was prepared by reaction of chitosan with sodium stearate though ionic bond between-NH3^＋ and-COO^- groups,followed by cross-linking with negatively charged Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Multiplication microscope was used to characterize the morphology and size of the composite. Experimental results showed that different mass ratios of sodium stearate to chitosan had significantly different oil absorption capacity. When the ratio was 0.9,the maximum absorption were obtained,which were 24 g · g^-1 for soybean oil,20 g · g^-1 for diesel oil,and 15 g · g^-1 for kerosene oil, up to dozens of times its own weight. More importantly,with the help of external magnetic filed, the composite can absorb and move directionally due to the existence of Fe3O4. In addition, this novel composite possessed the properties of good biodegradability, variable volume and floating capacity even when fully loaded, highlighting its promising application as oil absorbent, and offering an alternative method for automated oil recovery.

关 键 词：磁性 壳聚糖 硬脂酸钠 油 吸附剂 

分 类 号：TQ314.1[化学工程—高聚物工业] TQ424