长碳链烷基季铵盐有机改性钙基凹凸棒土  

Long carbon chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salts of calcium based organic modified attapulgite

作　　者：赵明[1] 杨声[1] 李芳蓉[1] 孙永军[1] 刘凤霞[1] 李春新 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省定西师范高等专科学校生化系,定西743000 [2]甘肃省化工研究院,兰州730020

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2014年第11期209-211,共3页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：2012年度甘肃省高校研究生导师科研项目(1219-02)

摘　　要：采用湿法工艺,十八烷基三甲基溴化铵(STAB)与钙基凹凸棒土(Ca-Attapulgite)离子交换制备有机改性凹凸棒土(C18-Attapulgite)。以红外光谱分析(FTIR)、X射线晶体衍射分析(XRD)、扫描电镜分析(SEM)、热重分析(DSC)等测试手段进行表征,并讨论了离子交换时间对凹凸棒土有机改性的影响,确定最佳离子交换时间6h。FTIR图显示有机改性凹凸棒土在2636、2456cm-1存在CH伸缩振动吸收峰,表明已发生离子交换;SEM图显示粒子排列疏松,形状均一;DSC图显示钙基凹凸棒土的差热曲线在90℃出现吸热峰,而有机改性凹凸棒土在224℃和328℃出现两个强烈放热峰,改变了原始结构的能量分布,使凹凸棒土热吸收温度下降;由XRD图得凹凸棒土层间距由0.9996nm扩大到1.0657nm,表明有机铵阳离子已插层进入凹凸棒土层间。Adopt the technology of wet process, the organic modified attapulgition clay was preparated by N, N, N- trimethylheptadecan-1-aminium bromide （STAB） with calcium-based attapulgite clay used the way of ion-exchanging. The compound was characterized by IR, X-ray, SEM spectroscopy and Differential Scanning Calorimeter. The time of ion exchange as the principal influencing factor on attapulgite clay was discussed,and determining the optimum time was 6 hour. IR showed that the stretching vibration absorption peak of CH was at 2636,2456 cm^-1 , indicating that ion exchange has taken place with each other. The loose arrangement and shape uniformity of the particles were displayed by SEM chart. DSC diagram showed that an endothermic peak of attapulgite clay appeared in 90~C, while the compound had two strong exothermic peak at 224℃ and 328℃, changing the energy distribution of the original structure,leaded to attapulgite heat absorption temperature droped. The spacing of attapulgite expanded from 0. 9996nm to 1. 0657nm was obtained from XRD patterns, showed that the cation of organic ammonium have been intercalated into attapulgite clay.

关 键 词：湿法工艺 凹凸棒土 有机改性 季铵盐 层间距 

分 类 号：TQ203.9[化学工程—有机化工]