连栽对桉树人工林植被盖度、物种多样性及功能群的影响  

Effect of Successive Rotations on Vegetation Cover,Species Diversity and Functional Groups in Eucalypt Plantations of South China

作　　者：温远光[1,2] 左花 朱宏光[1] 刘世荣[3] 梁宏温[1] 黄雪蔓[1] 李晓琼[1] 罗应华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,广西南宁530004 [2]中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心,友谊关森林生态系统定位研究站,广西凭祥532600 [3]中国林科院森林生态与保护研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《广西科学》2014年第5期463-468,483,共7页Guangxi Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460121);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD22B01);广西重大专项计划项目(1222005);广西教育厅重大项目资助

摘　　要：【目的】研究和阐明桉树（Eucalyptus spp.）连栽对植被盖度、植物多样性和功能群的影响。【方法】采用空间代替时间和定位监测相结合的方法,对Ⅰ~Ⅲ代连栽林分的植被盖度、植物多样性和功能群进行研究。【结果】连栽不仅降低林下植物的物种多样性,还将改变植物的功能群组成;连栽降低乔木和藤本植物营养体和种子库的有效性,增强草本植物的有效性。不同连栽代数植被盖度与植物多样性的关系不同。第Ⅰ代林的物种丰富度与林冠层盖度和灌木层盖度呈紧密的正相关（P〈0.05,n=18）,而第Ⅱ代林和第Ⅲ代林则表现为紧密的负相关（P〈0.05,n=18）。连栽对乔木层盖度影响不大,但显著地降低灌木、草本层的盖度。【结论】连栽对植物多样性具有显著的负效应。随着连栽代数的增加,林下植物功能群向草本、小型和一年生植物功能群转变趋势明显。【Objective】This paper aimed to evaluate the effects of multi-successive rotations on vegetation cover,species diversity and functional groups in eucalypt plantation.【Methods】By the methods of time-space series analysis and field monitoring,the vegetation cover,species diversity and functional groups were studied from first to third successive rotations in eucalypt plantation.【Results】The successive rotations of eucalypt plantation revealed not only to reduce species diversity but also to change the composition of plant functional groups.The successive short-rotation of eucalypt plantation decreased propagule availability of tall tree and vine species,but increased grasss.The relationship between vegetation cover and plant species diversity was different among different successive rotations of eucalypt plantations.The species richness was significant positive for canopy cover and shrub layer cover of understory vegetation in first rotation stands（P〈0.05,n=18）,but was significant negative in second rotation stands and third rotation stands of eucalypt plantations（P〈0.05,n=18）.The successive rotation reduced to the understory vegetation cover strongly,but showed a little influence on the canopy cover.【Conclusion】The successive rotation in eucalypt plantation had significant negative effects on plant species diversity.The plant functional group trended obviously to the grass,small-sized and annual plants over successive rotations.

关 键 词：植物多样性 植物功能群 连栽 桉树 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]