应用声能比评价小学教室中的汉语语言清晰度  

Useful-to-Detrimental Sound Ratios-Based Evaluation of Chinese Speech Intelligibility in Elementary School Classrooms

作　　者：彭健新[1] 严南杰 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学物理与光电学院,广东广州510640

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第8期1-5,共5页Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11374106);广东省科技计划项目(2011B061300066)

摘　　要：针对2、4、6年级学生（7-12岁儿童）在9所小学的28间教室进行汉语语言清晰度主观评价,并测量听音位置的房间脉冲响应和背景噪声,计算不同听音条件下不同听音位置的不同早期声能时间限值的有益有害声能比Ut,从而得到不同年龄段儿童的主观汉语语言清晰度得分与有益有害声能比之间的关系.结果表明：对不同年龄段的儿童而言,早期声能时间限值为50 ms和80 ms时的有益有害声能比（U50、U80）均能较好地评价儿童教室室内汉语语言清晰度;在相同的有益有害声能比条件下,儿童主观汉语语言清晰度得分随着年龄增加而增加;2、4、6年级儿童在教室内达到95%的汉语语言清晰度得分需要的U50值分别为7.4、4.5、2.8 d B.In the investigation,subjective Chinese speech intelligibility was evaluated by the students from grades 2,4 and 6（ nominally seven to twelve years old） in 28 classrooms of nine elementary schools. At the same time,both the room impulse response and the background noise level were measured at the same time and the useful-to-detrimental sound ratios（ Ut） with different early sound limits were calculated under different listening conditions at each listening position in these classrooms. The relationships between the subjective Chinese speech intelligibility scores and Utfor different age groups were also obtained. The results indicate that Utwith the early sound limits of 50 ms and80 ms,namely U50 and U80,can achieve better evaluation of the Chinese speech intelligibility in the classrooms for children of different age groups,and children＇s Chinese speech intelligibility scores increase with the age under the same condition of U50. In addition,in order to obtain a Chinese speech intelligibility score of more than 95%,the U50 values for the children from grades 2,4,and 6 are required to be respectively more than 7. 4,4. 5 and 2. 8 d B.

关 键 词：汉语语言清晰度 有益有害声能比 小学教室 儿童 

分 类 号：O422.8[理学—声学] TB53[理学—物理]