中印边界冲突中的英国因素  

The British Factor in the Sino-Indian Border Conflict

作　　者：孟庆龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院世界历史研究所

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第6期51-64,178,共14页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"中英美印俄五国有关中印边界问题解密档案文献整理与研究(1950-1965)"(12&ZD189)

摘　　要：英国作为印度的前殖民国,直到20世纪60年代中期之前,在中印边界问题上一直有着特殊的地位和影响,特别是通过策划西姆拉会议,炮制"麦克马洪线",为中印边界埋下了纷争的种子。冷战爆发后,英国面对世界格局和国际关系的新变化,特别是新中国的成立和国际地位的不断提高,为了最大限度维护其在亚洲的利益及在国际关系中的影响力,在中印关系恶化并发展为边界冲突的过程中,虽然对印度提供了一些支持,但多有保留,同时与中国维持较为稳定、平和的关系,在1962年中印边界战争前后把握、拿捏得较有分寸,充分显示出这个老牌帝国在实力衰落过程中处理复杂、敏感外交和国际问题的"圆滑"和"老到"。As the former colonial power of India,the UK had played a special role in the Sino-Indian border issue before the mid-1960 s.Having orchestrated the Simla Conference and made up the McMahon Line,Britain planted the seed of the future Sino-Indian border dispute.Facing the new changes in the world structure and international relations following the on set of the Cold War,the rise of the Peoples Republic in particular,the UK assisted India though with obvious reservations,while maintaining a stable and peaceful relationship with China.All such efforts aimed to defend its essential interests in Asia as to the world.The experienced former imperial power behaved in a calculating way both before and after the Sino-Indian border war of 1962 and displayed sufficiently its tact and subtlety in dealing with complicated,sensitive diplomatic issues in the course of its own decline of power.

关 键 词：中印边界冲突 中印关系 英中关系 麦克马洪线 尼赫鲁 

分 类 号：K561[历史地理—历史学]