语音清晰度和平均混响时间在车内声学的应用  

Application of articulation index and mean reverberation time in sound absorber property evaluation for interior vehicle

作　　者：程志伟 

机构地区：[1]广州汽车集团股份有限公司,广州511434

出　　处：《应用声学》2014年第6期541-546,共6页Journal of Applied Acoustics

摘　　要：乘用车的车内声学性能直接影响人的主观感受,但仅靠主观评价来判定是不够的;必须通过引入有力的客观参量来刻画车内听觉的舒适度效果。而如何来设计车内噪声试验方案来诊断和改善声学水平则成了一个重要的环节。在乘用车车内噪声品质的开发过程中,综合应用语音清晰度和平均混响时间两个指标对车内吸声性能进行了对比分析。通过对实车主观评价和客观测试,讨论了语音清晰度、车内平均混响时间、吸声系数和声压衰减斜率的概念及相互关系,从而确定了高速道路行驶工况下的语音清晰度主要取决于车内吸声材料的性能。提出了将车内相关部位进行材料吸声改进作为改善语音清晰度的主要措施之一。Acoustic performance of passenger car can affect directly people＇s subjective feelings. However, it is not enough to estimate the performance only by subjective understanding. So it is necessary to introduce some convictive physical parameters to describe and judge people＇s auditory sense in vehicle. Therefore, designing testing scheme becomes a key point to diagnose and improve acoustic characteristics of vehicle. In the development of passenger car＇s interior sound quality, two parameters, articulation index （ AI ） and mean reverberation time are compared and analyzed for full vehicle sound absorption characteristics in this article. After subjective estimation and objective test on the actual vehicle, the definition and relation among articulation index, interior mean reverberation time, absorption coefficient and the decay slope of sound pressure level （SPL） are discussed. It demonstrates that AI lied on vehicle＇s property of interior absorber materials when the car is running on high-speed road. Finally, some cases are proposed to modify the acoustic materials of relative parts, which is as one of the main methods of improving AI.

关 键 词：语音清晰度 平均混响时间 吸声系数 声压衰减斜率 

分 类 号：TB533.2[理学—物理]