三氯乙烯及其代谢产物的豚鼠皮肤致敏作用研究  

Study on skin sensitization effect of trichloroethylene and its metabolites in Guinea pig

作　　者：赵娜[1] 宋向荣[1] 李宏玲[1] 刘莉莉[1] 黄永顺[1] 王海兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2014年第5期332-334,392,F0003,共5页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2010B050700026);广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2012A061400007)

摘　　要：目的研究三氯乙烯（TCE）及其代谢产物三氯乙酸（TCA）、三氯乙醇（TCOH）对豚鼠皮肤致敏作用。方法选用体重250-300 g SPF级白化Hartley豚鼠,雌雄各半,按OECD豚鼠最大值实验法,用TCE、TCOH、TCA分别对豚鼠进行皮内注射和涂皮结合法致敏,并设空白对照组及阳性对照组（二硝基氯苯,DNCB）,观察各组动物皮肤的红斑和水肿等情况,计算致敏率。在终末激发24 h后用乙醚麻醉动物后处死,取涂抹部位及邻近皮肤进行病理学检查。结果 TCE、TCOH、TCA致敏率分别为80%、35%、0%,TCE致敏阳性组豚鼠皮肤可见中度弥漫的红斑、轻度水肿;TCOH致敏阳性组豚鼠皮肤可见散在或小块红斑。病理检查显示TCE致敏阳性组豚鼠表皮棘细胞层明显增厚,真皮乳头层及网织层可见淋巴细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞弥散或聚集性浸润及毛细血管轻度充血;TCOH致敏阳性组豚鼠表皮棘细胞层轻度增厚,真皮乳头层及网织层嗜酸性粒细胞弥散或聚集性浸润,夹杂少量淋巴细胞。结论TCE、TCOE可使豚鼠皮肤发生过敏性改变,TCE是强致敏物,TCOH为中度致敏物,TCA未见致敏作用。Objective To study the skin sensitization effect of trichloroethylene（TEC） and its metabolites such as trichloroacetic acid（TCA） and trichloroethanol（ TCOH） in Guinea pigs. Methods SPF albino Guinea pigs（250—300 g,half male and half female） were randomly divided into TCE group,TCOH group,TCA group,positive control group and control groups. A modified Guinea pig maximization testnnunct（GPMT） combining intracutaneous injection with skin; innunction was used in the study. Observe the allergic situation of skin such as edema,erythema etc.,then calculate the sensitization rate and the animals were executed at 24 h after the last sensitization,the abnormal and normal skin of inunction area were given pathology examination. Results The results showed that the sensitization rates of TCE,TCOH and TCA were 80%,35% and 0% respectively. The pathological examination found that there were some diffuse erythema and mild edema in TCE sensitized Guinea pigs,while in TCOH group,only some iscrete erythema could be seen in sensitized group; pathological examination showed that in TCE group the principal manifestations were obvious sickness of prickle cell layer of epidermis,infiltration of lymphocytes and eosinophils in papillary layer and reticular layer of dermis,and there were mild sickness of prickle cell layer,and some eosinophils infiltration in papillary layer and reticular layer in TCOH group. Conclusion The study suggested that TCE and TCOH may induce the allergic changes on skin of Guinea pig,TCE seems to be a strong allergen,TCOH should be a moderate allergen,while TCA has not been found any sensitization effect in the study.

关 键 词：三氯乙烯(TCE) 三氯乙醇(TCOH) 三氯乙酸(TCA) 皮肤致敏试验 

分 类 号：R135.7[医药卫生—劳动卫生]