准对称薄层结构无机膜的制备及其正向渗透性能  

Fabrication of Quasi-symmetric Thin-layer Inorganic Membrane and Its Forward Osmosis Performance

作　　者：王秀蘅[1] 禹晨 吴宝利[2] 尤世界[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [2]中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司,天津300074

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2014年第23期101-104,共4页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金面上项目(E201154);城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室自主课题(2012DX05);教育部"城市水质保障与水资源可持续利用"创新团队项目(51121062)

摘　　要：正向渗透(FO)是一种以溶液自身渗透压为驱动力的新型膜分离技术。针对有机膜在FO过程中存在内部浓差极化和稳定性差的问题,以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为前驱体、薄层不锈钢网为支撑基体,采用溶胶凝胶法制备了一种具有准对称薄层结构的Si O2无机微孔膜,并考察了其FO性能。SEM分析表明,硅溶胶能良好地生长于不锈钢网上,形成的Si O2膜表面平整,具有典型的微孔结构,厚度为45μm。FO试验结果表明,Si O2膜的水通量比有机聚合膜提高了40.3%,反向盐通量基本持平。由于具有更高的水通量、盐截留能力和稳定性,Si O2膜在FO脱盐和盐差发电中具有很高的潜在应用价值。Forward osmosis （FO） is a new membrane technology using osmotic pressure of the solution as the driving force. To address the problems of internal concentration polarization and instability during the FO process of the conventional organic membranes, a quasi-symmetric thin-layer inorganic micro-porous membrane was fabricated by attaching the TEOS-driven produced SiO2 sol-gel onto stainless steel mesh through sol-gel and heating methods. The FO performance of the membrane was investigated. The SEM analysis demonstrated that the SiO2 sol-gel could grow on the micro-grid of the mesh, resulting in the formation of quasi-symmetric thin membrane with typical micro-porous structure and thickness of 45 μm. The FO tests showed that the water flux of SiO2 membrane was 40.3 % higher than that of polymeric membrane while the salt rejection efficieneies of them were the same. Owing to greater water flux, salt rejection and stability, the SiO2 membrane demonstrated remarkable potential for applications in FO desalination and power generation.

关 键 词：正向渗透 溶胶凝胶法 无机膜 准对称薄层结构 水通量 盐截留 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]