宜昌地区麻醉医师职业危害暴露现状及认知状况调查  

A survey on occupational hazards exposure and cognitive status among anesthetists in Yichang area

作　　者：冯松[1] 邹学军[1] 杨刚[1] 余伶俐[2] 

机构地区：[1]三峡大学仁和医院,湖北省宜昌市443001 [2]宜昌市第一人民医院

出　　处：《职业与健康》2014年第21期3033-3035,3040,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的通过了解宜昌地区麻醉医师职业危害的暴露现状及对职业危害的认知状况,为制定麻醉医师职业的暴露防护对策提供科学依据。方法采用横断面研究设计,在同一时间截点(2013年9月至2013年12月),选择宜昌市三峡大学仁和医院等10所二级及以上医院的麻醉科医师(121人)作为研究对象,以问卷形式进行职业危害暴露现状及认知状况调查。结果麻醉医师职业危害行为总体发生率为67.80%,锐器刺伤行为的发生率最高(26.3%),其次为血液、体液、唾液污染眼睛或口腔(19.5%)。防护用具配备率最高的是防护服(98.3%),其次为口罩(92.4%);使用率最高防护用具是口罩,使用率也仅为51.1%;其他防护用具使用率均在30%以下。影响临床实验室人员血源性职业暴露相关知识得分的因素按其影响程度的大小依次为:医院对职业防护的重视程度、职业防护教育培训情况、医院级别和麻醉医师的文化程度。结论麻醉医师的职业安全防护应得到医院的重视,应从加强职业安全教育、规范操作等多方面开展工作,提高麻醉医师的安全防护意识,提示防护用具的使用率急需提高。[Objective]To understand the occupational hazards exposure and cognitive status among anesthetists in Yichang area,provide a scientific basis for developing the effective protection measures against the occupational exposure of anesthetists.[Methods]By using the cross-sectional study design,121 anesthetists were collected from 10 hospitals（ such as Renhe Hospital of Three Gorges University,which was identified as the second degree or above） in Yichang City from September to December 2013,and the questionnaire survey was used to investigate the current situation of occupational hazards exposure and cognitive status.[Results]The total incidence rate of occupational hazard behaviors among anesthetists was 67. 80%,and the incidence rate of stab injury was the highest（ 26. 3%）,followed by eyes or oral contamination caused by blood,body fluid and saliva（ 19. 5%）. Among the protective equipments,the equipping rate of protective clothing was the highest（ 98. 3%）,secondly for breathing mask（ 92. 4%）. The using rate of breathing mask was the highest,which was only 51. 1%,and the using rates of other protective equipments were less than 30%. The factors that influenced the scores of knowledge about blood-borne occupational exposure among clinical laboratory workers according to the degree of influence were as follows： recognition level of occupational protection of hospital,occupational protection education and training,hospital level,and educational level of anesthetists. [Conclusion]The hospitals should pay attention to the occupational protection of anesthetists. It is necessary to strengthen occupational safety education and standardize operations,to improve the safety awareness of anesthetists. The using rates of protective equipments need to be enhanced.

关 键 词：麻醉医师 职业危害 认知 调查 

分 类 号：R134.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]