北京市海淀区居民的心理健康知识获得途径及对精神疾病的态度调查  

Research of approach to obtaining mental health knowledge and attitude towards mental disorders among residents in Haidian District of Beijing

作　　者：何锐 李文秀 杨娜 王涌[2,3,4] 李静静 程嘉[2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区精神卫生防治院,100194 [2]北京大学第六医院 [3]北京大学精神卫生研究所 [4]卫生部精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学)

出　　处：《职业与健康》2014年第21期3063-3065,3068,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解北京市海淀区居民对获取心理健康知识的途径及对精神疾病的态度,为如何有针对性地开展心理健康宣教工作,改善人们对精神疾病的态度提供依据。方法以北京市海淀区听讲座的社区居民1 080人为调查对象,采用精神疾病有关态度问卷进行调查,分析结果和可能的相关因素。结果居民获取心理健康知识的途径主要为电视或广播及报刊书籍,分别占66.48%和60.93%。调查人群整体对精神疾病的态度平均分为(35.66±6.27)分。不同年龄、不同职业间对精神疾病态度差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),已婚与未婚间对精神疾病态度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论北京市居民对精神疾病仍存在歧视与误区,仍需大力开展精神卫生知识普及,加强精神疾病预后与转归方面的宣传,改善公众对精神疾病的认识和接纳程度。电视、广播、报刊、书籍是人们获得心理健康知识的主要途径,心理健康讲座和网络次之,要充分利用主要途径开展宣传教育,扩大与开发其他途径。[Objective]To explore the approach to obtaining mental health knowledge and attitude towards mental disorders among residents in Haidian District of Beijing,provide the basis for carrying out the targeted mental health education and improving the public＇ attitude towards mental disorders. [Methods]1 080 community residents who had attended lectures in Haidian District of Beijing were recruited in this study,they were investigated with the questionnaire about attitude towards mental disorders,and the results and possible influencing factors were analyzed. [Results]The main approaches to obtaining mental health knowledge included television / radio and newspapers / books,which accounted for 66. 48% and 60. 93% respectively. The average scores of attitude towards mental disorders in investigated population were（ 35. 66 ± 6. 27）. There were statistically significant differences in attitude towards mental disorders among different age,occupation groups（ P〈0. 01）. The difference in attitude towards mental disorders between married group and unmarried group was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. [Conclusion]There are still the discrimination and misunderstanding attitudes to mental disorders in residents of Beijing. Therefore,it is necessary to popularize the mental health knowledge,strengthen the education about prognosis and outcome of mental disorders,and improve the understanding and acceptance towards mental disorders in public. Television,radio,newspapers and books are the main approaches that residents obtain the mental health knowledge,followed by the mental health lectures and internet. It is important to fully use the main approaches in the publicity and education,and enlarge and develop other ways.

关 键 词：心理健康 精神疾病态度 现况调查 宣传教育 

分 类 号：R181.39[医药卫生—流行病学]